pom.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.mobicule</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-kafka-consumer</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <packaging>jar</packaging>

    <name>spring-boot-kafka-consumer</name>
    <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

Kafka配置.java

package com.mobicule.springbootkafkaconsumer.config;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

import org.apache.kafka.clients.consumer.ConsumerConfig;
import org.apache.kafka.common.serialization.StringDeserializer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.EnableKafka;
import org.springframework.kafka.config.ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory;
import org.springframework.kafka.core.DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory;

@EnableKafka
@Configuration
public class KafkaConfiguration {

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<String, String> consumerFactory()
    {
        Map<String, Object> config = new HashMap<String, Object>();

        config.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, "localhost:9092");
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, "group_id");
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, StringDeserializer.class);

        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<String, String>(config);
    }

    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> kafkaConsumerFactory()
    {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<String, String>();

        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }

}

Kafka消费者.java

package com.mobicule.springbootkafkaconsumer.listener;

import org.springframework.kafka.annotation.KafkaListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class KafkaConsumer {

    @KafkaListener(topics="ConsumerDemo",groupId="group_id")
    public void consume(String message)
    {
        System.out.println("In kafka consumer "+message);
    }

}

我已经使用spring初始化器配置了基本的kafka producer项目（没有服务器）
1） 我使用终端生成了一条主题为“consumerconfig”的消息“helloworld”
当我执行我的消费者项目时，我得到了一个错误

The following candidates were found but could not be injected:
    - Bean method 'kafkaConsumerFactory' in 'KafkaAutoConfiguration' not loaded because @ConditionalOnMissingBean (types: org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory; SearchStrategy: all) found beans of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' consumerFactory
    - User-defined bean method 'consumerFactory' in 'KafkaConfiguration'

Action:

Consider revisiting the entries above or defining a bean of type 'org.springframework.kafka.core.ConsumerFactory' in your configuration.

所以我搜索得到一个链接，上面写着put@springbootapplication（exclude=kafkaautoconfiguration.class）
即使在我把上面的代码，我得到了一个错误
说明：

A component required a bean named 'kafkaListenerContainerFactory' that could not be found.

Action:

Consider defining a bean named 'kafkaListenerContainerFactory' in your configuration.

我错过了什么？我还需要做什么吗？