我最终还是用了其他的方法 ConsumerSeekAware ，即 registerSeekCallback() . 打电话后 onPartitionsAssigned 我将当前分区保存为侦听器中的成员。打电话后也一样 registerSeekCallback 我将回调保存在示例中。
然后我可以按需打电话 consumeFromBeginning 对于每个消费者（通过休息或启动后）：

class EventConsumer : ConsumerSeekAware {

    private lateinit var assignedTopicPartitions: List<TopicPartition>
    private lateinit var consumerSeekCallback: ConsumerSeekAware.ConsumerSeekCallback

    fun consumeFromBeginning() {
        assignedTopicPartitions.forEach { topicPartition ->
            consumerSeekCallback.seekToBeginning(topicPartition.topic(), topicPartition.partition())}
    }

    override fun onPartitionsAssigned(assignments: MutableMap<TopicPartition, Long>?, callback: ConsumerSeekAware.ConsumerSeekCallback?) {
        logger.debug { "on partitions assigned" }
        this.assignedTopicPartitions = assignments?.map { it.key } ?: error("no assignments found")
    }

    override fun registerSeekCallback(callback: ConsumerSeekAware.ConsumerSeekCallback?) {
        logger.debug { "registerSeekCallback" }
        this.consumerSeekCallback = callback ?: error("seek callback not found")
    }

    override fun onIdleContainer(assignments: MutableMap<TopicPartition, Long>?, callback: ConsumerSeekAware.ConsumerSeekCallback?) {}
}