我有一个在本地主机上运行的mysql数据库（ubuntu16.04）。在同一台主机上，我有一个docker容器，其中运行着python脚本。此脚本必须连接到本地主机上的mysqldb。正如在这些文章（post1，post2）中所描述的那样，我为本地数据库设置bind address=0.0.0.0，并找到本地主机的ip地址，并在python脚本中使用它连接到数据库，但它不起作用。下面我将展示我的设置以及如何运行docker容器。我的python脚本（analysis.py）如下所示：

import pandas as pd
import sqlalchemy as db

def find_max_age():
   cnx = db.create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector://root:password@172.17.0.1:3306/datasets')
   cnx_res = db.create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector://root:password@172.17.0.1:3306/results')
   df = pd.read_sql("select * from test_table", cnx)
   idx = df['age'].idxmax() == df.index
   df_res = df[idx]

   df_res.to_sql('max_age4', con=cnx_res, index=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
   find_max_age()

我的dockerfile如下所示：

FROM python:2.7-slim
EXPOSE 80 3306
WORKDIR /app
COPY requirements.txt /app
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt
COPY analysis.py /app
CMD python analysis.py

最后，requirements.txt如下所示

mysql-connector-python
sqlalchemy
pandas

我构建docker映像如下：

docker build -t max_age_app .

然后我使用以下图像启动容器：

docker run -d max_age_app:latest

容器以退出代码1退出，当我查看容器的相应日志时，发现其中存在以下错误：

> Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "analysis.py", line 24, in <module>
    find_max_age()
  File "analysis.py", line 11, in find_max_age
    df = pd.read_sql("select * from test_table", cnx)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py", line 397, in read_sql
    chunksize=chunksize)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py", line 1063, in read_query
    result = self.execute(*args)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py", line 954, in execute
    return self.connectable.execute(*args,**kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2074, in execute
    connection = self.contextual_connect(close_with_result=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2123, in contextual_connect
    self._wrap_pool_connect(self.pool.connect, None),
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2162, in _wrap_pool_connect
    e, dialect, self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 1476, in _handle_dbapi_exception_noconnection
    exc_info
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/compat.py", line 265, in raise_from_cause
    reraise(type(exception), exception, tb=exc_tb, cause=cause)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/base.py", line 2158, in _wrap_pool_connect
    return fn()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 400, in connect
    return _ConnectionFairy._checkout(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 788, in _checkout
    fairy = _ConnectionRecord.checkout(pool)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 529, in checkout
    rec = pool._do_get()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1193, in _do_get
    self._dec_overflow()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/util/langhelpers.py", line 66, in __exit__
    compat.reraise(exc_type, exc_value, exc_tb)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 1190, in _do_get
    return self._create_connection()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 347, in _create_connection
    return _ConnectionRecord(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 474, in __init__
    self.__connect(first_connect_check=True)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/pool.py", line 671, in __connect
    connection = pool._invoke_creator(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/strategies.py", line 106, in connect
    return dialect.connect(*cargs,**cparams)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/sqlalchemy/engine/default.py", line 412, in connect
    return self.dbapi.connect(*cargs,**cparams)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/__init__.py", line 172, in connect
    return CMySQLConnection(*args,**kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/connection_cext.py", line 78, in __init__
    self.connect(**kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/abstracts.py", line 731, in connect
    self._open_connection()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/mysql/connector/connection_cext.py", line 179, in _open_connection
    sqlstate=exc.sqlstate)
sqlalchemy.exc.DatabaseError: (mysql.connector.errors.DatabaseError) 2003 (HY000): Can't connect to MySQL server on '172.17.0.1' (111) (Background on this error at: http://sqlalche.me/e/4xp6)

为了确定我使用的本地主机的ip ifconfig 命令，产生如下结果：

docker0   Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:42:a2:a6:d7:ff  
          inet addr:172.17.0.1 

enp0s3    Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 08:00:27:bb:7e:b5  
          inet addr:10.0.2.15 

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1

所以我尝试了172.17.0.1，以便从容器中连接到本地数据库，但没有成功。
我是否必须通过 -p 启动容器时的选项？
如果有任何帮助，我将不胜感激。