您可以定义如下关联：

employee.belongsTo(employee, {as: "Manager"});
employee.hasMany(employee, { as: "Employee", foreignKey: "manager_id", useJunctionTable: false });

然后像这样使用它

employee.findAll({
    include : {
        model : employee ,
        as : 'Manager'
    }
})

或
可以使用sequelize层次结构

var employee = sequelize.define('employee', {
    name: Sequelize.STRING,
    manager_id: {
        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
        hierarchy: true
    }
});

employee.findAll({ hierarchy: true }).then(function(results) {
    // results = [
    //  { id: 1, manager_id: null, name: 'a', children: [
    //      { id: 2, manager_id: 1, name: 'ab', children: [
    //          { id: 3, manager_id: 2, name: 'abc' }
    //      ] }
    //  ] }
    // ]
});