你的table设计很复杂。您的条目表应如下所示： user_ID, dish_ID, ranking, date, selection_ID （如果有人在每个日期进行多个选择，则需要类似selection\u id的内容）
在当前的设计中，可以使用包含所有菜肴的if子句。但根据菜品的多少那恐怕是太多的工作了。
但是，这应该对您有用：

Select b.dish_name as dish_1,
       c.dish_name as dish_2,
       d.dish_name as dish_3,
       e.dish_name as dish_4,
       f.dish_name as dish_5,
       g.dish_name as dish_6,
       h.dish_name as dish_7,
       i.dish_name as dish_8,
       j.dish_name as dish_9,
       k.dish_name as dish_10,
from entries_table a
left join base_list as b on(a.dish_id_1 = b.dish_id)
left join base_list as c on(a.dish_id_2 = c.dish_id)
left join base_list as d on(a.dish_id_3 = d.dish_id)
left join base_list as e on(a.dish_id_4 = e.dish_id)
left join base_list as f on(a.dish_id_5 = f.dish_id)
left join base_list as g on(a.dish_id_6 = g.dish_id)
left join base_list as h on(a.dish_id_7 = h.dish_id)
left join base_list as i on(a.dish_id_8 = i.dish_id)
left join base_list as j on(a.dish_id_9 = j.dish_id)
left join base_list as k on(a.dish_id_10 = k.dish_id)

我不知道你确切的列名。只要用你的列名替换我的列名，如果需要的话添加更多的列，就会得到你想要的结果。