这就是我在项目中所做的：
在项目配置中的某个位置：

@LoadBalanced
@Bean
public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) {
    RestTemplate restTemplate = builder.build();
    restTemplate.getMessageConverters().add(new MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter());
    return restTemplate;
}

@Bean
public SomeRestClass someRestClass () {
    SomeRestClass someRestClass = new SomeRestClass (environment.getProperty("someservice.uri"), restTemplate(new RestTemplateBuilder()));
    return parameterRest;
}

还有其他的课程：

public class SomeRestClass {

    private final RestTemplate restTemplate;

    private final String someServiceUri;

    public LocationRest(String someServiceUri, RestTemplate restTemplate) {
        this.someServiceUri= someServiceUri;
        this.restTemplate = restTemplate;
    }

    public String getSomeServiceUri() {
        return locationUri;
    }

    public SomeObject getSomeObjectViaRest() {
        //making rest service call
    }
}

和测试类 SomeRestClass :

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@RestClientTest(SomeRestClass.class)
public class SomeRestClassTest {
    @Autowired
    private SomeRestClass someRestClass;

    @Autowired
    private MockRestServiceServer server;

    @Test
    public void getSomeObjectViaRestTest() throws JsonProcessingException {
        SomeResponseObject resObject = new SomeResponseObject();
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String responseString = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(resObject);

        server.expect(requestTo(locationRest.getSomeServiceUri() + "/some-end-point?someParam=someParam")).andExpect(method(HttpMethod.POST))
            .andRespond(withStatus(HttpStatus.OK).contentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8).body(responseString));
        someRestClass.getSomeObjectViaRest();

    }
}

注意：我使用了eureka客户端，因为否则您必须模拟eureka服务器。所以我在test application.properties中添加了eureka.client.enabled=false

我昨天也遇到了同样的问题，为了完整起见，这里是我的解决方案：
这是我的“现场”配置下 src/main/java/.../config :

//the regular configuration not active with test profile
@Configuration
@Profile("!test")
public class WebConfig {
    @LoadBalanced
    @Bean
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        //you can use your regular rest template here.
        //This one adds a X-TRACE-ID header from the MDC to the call.
        return TraceableRestTemplate.create();
    }
}

我将此配置添加到test文件夹 src/main/test/java/.../config :

//the test configuration
@Configuration
@Profile("test")
public class WebConfig {
    @Bean
    RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return TraceableRestTemplate.create();
    }
}

在测试用例中，我激活了profile test :

//...
@ActiveProfiles("test")
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
public class ServerCallTest {
   @Autowired
   private IBusiness biz;

   @Autowired
   private RestTemplate restTemplate;

   private ClientHttpRequestFactory originalClientHttpRequestFactory;

   @Before
   public void setUp() {
       originalClientHttpRequestFactory = restTemplate.getRequestFactory();
   }

   @After
   public void tearDown() {
      restTemplate.setRequestFactory(originalClientHttpRequestFactory);
   }

   @Test
   public void fetchAllEntries() throws BookListException {
      MockRestServiceServer mockServer = MockRestServiceServer.createServer(restTemplate);

       mockServer                
            .andExpect(method(HttpMethod.GET))
            .andExpect(header("Accept", "application/json"))
            .andExpect(requestTo(endsWith("/list/entries/")))
            .andRespond(withSuccess("your-payload-here", MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));

       MyData data = biz.getData();

       //do your asserts
   }
}

希望这能帮助别人。我在ribbon上也犯了同样的错误，但没有eureka。
帮助我的是
1） 升级到wiremock（2.21）的最新版本
2） 为url“/”添加wiremock规则存根以回答ribbon的ping