我正在编写一个java程序来创建、写入、编辑、删除一个大学作业的derby数据库示例。我已经更正了所有其他错误，但是抛出了sql异常 SQL State: 42Y07 ```
----- SQLException -----
SQL State: 42Y07
Error Code: 20000
Message: Schema 'USER1' does not exist
java.sql.SQLSyntaxErrorException: Schema 'USER1' does not exist

我是sql新手，看不出错误在哪里。这是我的sql文件：

package animaljdbc;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Properties;

public class DataBase {
private static DataBase DATABASE_INSTANCE = new DataBase(); // Singleton
private DataBase() {} // a private constructor so no callers can instantiate the singleton object directly
public static synchronized DataBase getInstance() { // a public static method for callers to get a reference to the singleton instance
return DATABASE_INSTANCE;
}
Utility utils = Utility.getInstance(); // Create a new Utilities
private final String dbName = "AnimalsDB";
private final String tableName = "Animals"; // Name of the table
private final String framework = "embedded";
private final String driver = "org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver";
private final String protocol = "jdbc:derby:";
private final String Table = "create table " + tableName + " (id int, type varchar(32), color varchar(32), gender varchar(32),"
+ " isVertebrate String, canSwim String)";
Connection conn = null;
private final ArrayList statements = new ArrayList(); // List of Statements, PreparedStatements, flushed after every method run
PreparedStatement psInsert = null;
PreparedStatement psUpdate = null;
Statement s = null;
ResultSet rs = null;
Properties props = new Properties(); // connection properties

public void loadDBdriver() { // Loads the appropriate JDBC driver for this environment/framework. For
try { // example, if we are in an embedded environment, we load Derby's
Class.forName(driver).newInstance(); // embedded Driver, org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver.
System.out.println("Loaded the appropriate driver");
} catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
System.err.println("\nUnable to load the JDBC driver " + driver);
System.err.println("Please check your CLASSPATH.");
cnfe.printStackTrace(System.err);
} catch (InstantiationException ie) {
System.err.println(
"\nUnable to instantiate the JDBC driver " + driver);
ie.printStackTrace(System.err);
} catch (IllegalAccessException iae) {
System.err.println(
"\nNot allowed to access the JDBC driver " + driver);
iae.printStackTrace(System.err);
}
}

protected void createDB() throws UnsupportedOperationException {
System.out.println("Database in " + framework + " mode");
loadDBdriver(); // Load the desired JDBC driver
try { // load JDBC
props.put("user", "user1"); // providing a user name and password is optional in the embedded
props.put("password", "user1");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(protocol + dbName + ";create=true", props); // Setup the connection to the database
System.out.println("Database" + dbName + "created and connected ");
conn.setAutoCommit(false); // We want to control transactions manually. Autocommit is on by default in JDBC.
s = conn.createStatement(); // Creating a statement object that we can use for running various SQL statements commands against the database.
statements.add(s);
s.execute(Table); // We create a table...
System.out.println("Created table " + tableName);
statements.clear();
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
printSQLException(sqle);
}
}

//@param e the SQLException from which to print details.
public static void printSQLException(SQLException e) { // Prints details of an SQLException chain to System.err.
while (e != null) // Details included are SQL State, Error code, Exception message.
{ // Unwraps the entire exception chain to unveil the real cause of the Exception.
System.err.println("\n----- SQLException -----");
System.err.println(" SQL State: " + e.getSQLState());
System.err.println(" Error Code: " + e.getErrorCode());
System.err.println(" Message: " + e.getMessage());
e.printStackTrace(System.err);
e = e.getNextException();
}
}

/**

• @param type

• @param color

• @param gender

• @param isVertebrate

• @param canSwim

• @return
  */
  public boolean insertObject(String type, String color, String gender, String isVertebrate, String canSwim) { // This inserts a new animal into the database
  boolean condition = false; // Return statement
  psInsert = null;

  try { // Exception handlers
  psInsert = conn.prepareStatement("INSERT INTO " + tableName + " (type, color, gender, isVertebrate, canSwim) VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?)");
  statements.add(psInsert); // Prepare for insert()
  psInsert.setString(1, type); // Insert the input
  psInsert.setString(2, color);
  psInsert.setString(3, gender);
  psInsert.setString(4, isVertebrate);
  psInsert.setString(5, canSwim);
  psInsert.executeUpdate(); // Well....execute
  statements.clear(); // Clear statements
  condition = true;
  } catch (SQLException sqle) {
  printSQLException(sqle);
  }
  return condition;
  }

ArrayList getAnimals() {
ArrayList animalium = new ArrayList<>(); // To hold the animals we want to return
rs = null;
try {
rs = s.executeQuery("SELECT * FROM " + tableName + " ORDER BY type");
while (rs.next()) { // temp animal to push to the arraylist
Utility temporaryAnimalium = new Utility(rs.getInt(1), // ID
rs.getString(2), // Type
rs.getString(3), // Color
rs.getString(4), // Gender
rs.getString(5), // is Vertebrate
rs.getString(6)); // canSwim
animalium.add(temporaryAnimalium); // Add to the arraylist
}
try { // Release resources
if (rs != null) {
rs.close();
rs = null;
}
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
printSQLException(sqle);
}
statements.clear(); // Clear statements
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
printSQLException(sqle);
}
return animalium; // Return our animal list
}

/**

• @return
  */
  public boolean closeDB() { // Closes out the connection to the database and clears statements
  boolean condition = false; // Return statements
  statements.clear(); // Clear statements
  try { // Exception handlers
  s.execute("DROP TABLE " + tableName); // Drop the table
  conn.commit(); // We commit the transaction. Any changes will be persisted to the database now.

   if (framework.equals("embedded")) {
       try {
           DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:;shutdown=true");   // the shutdown=true attribute shuts down Derby
       } catch (SQLException se) {
           if (((se.getErrorCode() == 50000) && ("XJ015".equals(se.getSQLState())))) {
               System.out.println("Database shut down normally");      // we got the expected exception
           } else {                      
               System.err.println("Database did not shut down normally");  // if the error code or SQLState is different, we have an unexpected exception (shutdown failed)
               printSQLException(se);
           }
       }
   }condition = true;

  } catch (SQLException sqle) {
  printSQLException(sqle);
  } finally {
  int i = 0; // release all open resources to avoid unnecessary memory usage
  while (!statements.isEmpty()) { // Statements and PreparedStatements
  Statement st = (Statement)statements.remove(i); // PreparedStatement extend Statement
  try {
  if (st != null) {
  st.close();
  st = null;
  }
  } catch (SQLException sqle) {
  printSQLException(sqle);
  }
  }
  try { //Connection
  if (conn != null) {
  conn.close();
  conn = null;
  }
  } catch (SQLException sqle) {
  printSQLException(sqle);
  }
  }
  return condition;
  }

public boolean updateDB(int id, String type, String color, String gender, String isVertebrate, String canSwim) {
boolean condition = false; // Return statement
psUpdate = null;
try { // Exception handlers
psUpdate = conn.prepareStatement("UPDATE " + tableName + " SET type=?, color=?, gender=?, isVertebrate=?, canSwim=? WHERE id=?");
statements.add(psUpdate); // Prepare the statement for insertion of values
psUpdate.setString(1, type); // Update and set integers and strings, inserting the values
psUpdate.setString(2, color);
psUpdate.setString(3, gender);
psUpdate.setString(4, isVertebrate);
psUpdate.setString(5, canSwim);
psUpdate.setInt(6, id);
psUpdate.executeUpdate(); // Well....execute
statements.clear(); // Clear statements
condition = true;
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
printSQLException(sqle); }
return condition;
}

/**

• @param message
  */
  public void reportFailure(String message) { // Reports a data verification failure to System.err with the given message.
  System.err.println("\nData could not be verified: ");
  System.err.println('\t' + message);
  }

public boolean delete(int id) {
boolean state = false; // Return statement
psUpdate = null;
try { // Exception handlers
psUpdate = conn.prepareStatement("DELETE FROM " + tableName + " WHERE id=?"); // Statement preparation
statements.add(psUpdate);
psUpdate.setInt(1, id); // ID we wish to delete
psUpdate.executeUpdate(); // Well....execute
statements.clear(); // Clear statements
state = true;
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
printSQLException(sqle);
}

return state;

}

// method to close the dB connection
protected void finishDB(){ // method to close the dB connection
if (framework.equals("embedded"))
{
try
{
DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:;shutdown=true"); // the shutdown=true attribute shuts down Derby
} // To shut down a specific database only, but keep the
catch (SQLException se) // engine running (for example for connecting to other
{ // databases), specify a database in the connection URL:
if (( (se.getErrorCode() == 50000) //DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:derby:" + dbName + ";shutdown=true");
&& ("XJ015".equals(se.getSQLState()) ))) {
System.out.println("Derby shut down normally"); // we got the expected exception
System.out.println(); // Note that for single database shutdown, the expected
} else { // SQL state is "08006", and the error code is 45000.
System.err.println("Derby did not shut down normally"); // if the error code or SQLState is different, we have
System.out.println(); // an unexpected exception (shutdown failed)
printSQLException(se);
}
}
}
}
}

以下是打印的堆栈跟踪：

at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.SQLExceptionFactory40.getSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.Util.generateCsSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.TransactionResourceImpl.wrapInSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.TransactionResourceImpl.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedConnection.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.ConnectionChild.handleException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedStatement.execute(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.EmbedStatement.execute(Unknown Source)
at animaljdbc.DataBase.createDB(DataBase.java:74)
at animaljdbc.AnimalJDBC.main(AnimalJDBC.java:29)
Caused by: java.sql.SQLException: Schema 'USER1' does not exist
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.SQLExceptionFactory.getSQLException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.jdbc.SQLExceptionFactory40.wrapArgsForTransportAcrossDRDA(Unknown Source)
... 10 more
Caused by: ERROR 42Y07: Schema 'USER1' does not exist
at org.apache.derby.iapi.error.StandardException.newException(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.catalog.DataDictionaryImpl.getSchemaDescriptor(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.QueryTreeNode.getSchemaDescriptor(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.QueryTreeNode.getSchemaDescriptor(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.QueryTreeNode.bindUserType(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.ColumnDefinitionNode.checkUserType(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.TableElementList.validate(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.compile.CreateTableNode.bindStatement(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.GenericStatement.prepMinion(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.GenericStatement.prepare(Unknown Source)
at org.apache.derby.impl.sql.conn.GenericLanguageConnectionContext.prepareInternalStatement(Unknown Source)

如何读取堆栈跟踪？错误出现在第74行，但模式user1出现在第67或68行。我该怎么修？