如果你两种方法都试过，然后选择一种你更习惯的方法，那可能是最好的。虽然听起来像 CompletableFuture s更适合此任务，因为它们使链接处理步骤/阶段非常容易。例如，在您的示例中，代码可能如下所示：

ExecutorService copyingExecutor = ...
// Not clear from the requirements, but let's assume you have
// a separate executor for this
ExecutorService processingExecutor = ...

public CompletableFuture<MyResult> process(Path file) {
    return CompletableFuture
        .supplyAsync(
            () -> {
                // Retrieve destination path where file should be copied to
                Path destination = ...
                try {
                    Files.copy(file, destination);
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
                }
                return destination;
            },
            copyingExecutor
        )
        .thenApplyAsync(
            copiedFile -> {
                // Process the copied file
                ...
            },
            processingExecutor
        )
        // This separate stage does not make much sense, so unless you have
        // yet another executor for this or this stage is applied at a different
        // location in your code, it should probably be merged with the
        // previous stage
        .thenApply(
            previousResult -> {
                // Process the previous result
                ...
            }
        );
}