hibernate与同一实体的递归多对多关联

pxq42qpu  于 2021-07-05  发布在  Java
关注(0)|答案(3)|浏览(367)

另一个冬眠问题…:p
使用hibernate的注解框架,我有一个 User 实体。每个 User 可以收藏朋友:收藏其他朋友 User s。但是,我还没有弄清楚如何在系统中创建多对多关联 User 由一系列 User s(使用用户朋友中间表)。
以下是用户类及其注解:

@Entity
@Table(name="tbl_users")
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue
    @Column(name="uid")
    private Integer uid;

    ...

    @ManyToMany(
            cascade={CascadeType.PERSIST, CascadeType.MERGE},
            targetEntity=org.beans.User.class
    )
    @JoinTable(
            name="tbl_friends",
            joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="personId"),
            inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="friendId")
    )
    private List<User> friends;
}

用户朋友Map表只有两列,这两列都是 uidtbl_users table。这两列是 personId (应该Map到当前用户),以及 friendId (指定当前用户朋友的id)。
问题是,“friends”字段总是显示为空,即使我已经预先填充了friends表,使得系统中的所有用户都是其他所有用户的朋友。我甚至试着把关系转到 @OneToMany ,它仍然显示为null(尽管hibernate debug输出显示 SELECT * FROM tbl_friends WHERE personId = ? AND friendId = ? 查询,但没有其他)。
关于如何填充这个列表有什么想法吗?谢谢您!

b4wnujal

b4wnujal1#

公认的答案似乎过于复杂 @JoinTable 注解。稍微简单一点的实现只需要 mappedBy . 使用 mappedBy 表示拥有 Entity ,或属性,这应该是 referencesTo 因为那会被认为是“朋友”。一 ManyToMany 关系可以创建一个非常复杂的图形。使用 mappedBy 使代码如下:

@Entity
public class Recursion {
    @Id @GeneratedValue
    private Integer id;
    // what entities does this entity reference?
    @ManyToMany
    private Set<Recursion> referencesTo;
    // what entities is this entity referenced from?
    @ManyToMany(mappedBy="referencesTo")
    private Set<Recursion> referencesFrom;
    public Recursion init() {
        referencesTo = new HashSet<>();
        return this;
    }
    // getters, setters
}

要使用它,你需要考虑拥有的财产是 referencesTo . 您只需要将关系放在该属性中,就可以引用它们。当你读一本 Entity 回来,假设你 fetch join ,jpa将为结果创建集合。当您删除一个实体时,jpa将删除对它的所有引用。

tx.begin();
Recursion r0 = new Recursion().init();
Recursion r1 = new Recursion().init();
Recursion r2 = new Recursion().init();
r0.getReferencesTo().add(r1);
r1.getReferencesTo().add(r2);
em.persist(r0);
em.persist(r1);
em.persist(r2);

tx.commit();
// required so that existing entities with null referencesFrom will be removed from cache.
em.clear();
for ( int i=1; i <= 3; ++i ) {
    Recursion r = em.createQuery("select distinct r from Recursion r left join fetch r.referencesTo left join fetch r.referencesFrom where id = :id", Recursion.class).setParameter("id",  i).getSingleResult();
    System.out.println(r + " To=" + Arrays.toString(r.getReferencesTo().toArray()) + " From=" + Arrays.toString(r.getReferencesFrom().toArray()) );
}
tx.begin();
em.createQuery("delete from Recursion where id = 2").executeUpdate();
tx.commit();
// required so that existing entities with referencesTo will be removed from cache.
em.clear();
Recursion r = em.createQuery("select distinct r from Recursion r left join fetch r.referencesTo left join fetch r.referencesFrom where id = :id", Recursion.class).setParameter("id",  1).getSingleResult();
System.out.println(r + " To=" + Arrays.toString(r.getReferencesTo().toArray()) + " From=" + Arrays.toString(r.getReferencesFrom().toArray()) );

它提供以下日志输出(始终检查生成的sql语句):

Hibernate: create table Recursion (id integer not null, primary key (id))
Hibernate: create table Recursion_Recursion (referencesFrom_id integer not null, referencesTo_id integer not null, primary key (referencesFrom_id, referencesTo_id))
Hibernate: create sequence hibernate_sequence start with 1 increment by 1
Hibernate: alter table Recursion_Recursion add constraint FKsi0wfuwfs0bl19jjpofw4n8pt foreign key (referencesTo_id) references Recursion
Hibernate: alter table Recursion_Recursion add constraint FKarrkuyh2v1j5qnlui2vbpl7tk foreign key (referencesFrom_id) references Recursion
Hibernate: call next value for hibernate_sequence
Hibernate: call next value for hibernate_sequence
Hibernate: call next value for hibernate_sequence
Hibernate: insert into Recursion (id) values (?)
Hibernate: insert into Recursion (id) values (?)
Hibernate: insert into Recursion (id) values (?)
Hibernate: insert into Recursion_Recursion (referencesFrom_id, referencesTo_id) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: insert into Recursion_Recursion (referencesFrom_id, referencesTo_id) values (?, ?)
Hibernate: select distinct recursion0_.id as id1_2_0_, recursion2_.id as id1_2_1_, recursion4_.id as id1_2_2_, references1_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_0__, references1_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_0__, references3_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_1__, references3_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_1__ from Recursion recursion0_ left outer join Recursion_Recursion references1_ on recursion0_.id=references1_.referencesFrom_id left outer join Recursion recursion2_ on references1_.referencesTo_id=recursion2_.id left outer join Recursion_Recursion references3_ on recursion0_.id=references3_.referencesTo_id left outer join Recursion recursion4_ on references3_.referencesFrom_id=recursion4_.id where id=?
model.Recursion@7bdf6bb7 To=[model.Recursion@1bc53649] From=[]
Hibernate: select distinct recursion0_.id as id1_2_0_, recursion2_.id as id1_2_1_, recursion4_.id as id1_2_2_, references1_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_0__, references1_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_0__, references3_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_1__, references3_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_1__ from Recursion recursion0_ left outer join Recursion_Recursion references1_ on recursion0_.id=references1_.referencesFrom_id left outer join Recursion recursion2_ on references1_.referencesTo_id=recursion2_.id left outer join Recursion_Recursion references3_ on recursion0_.id=references3_.referencesTo_id left outer join Recursion recursion4_ on references3_.referencesFrom_id=recursion4_.id where id=?
model.Recursion@1bc53649 To=[model.Recursion@42deb43a] From=[model.Recursion@7bdf6bb7]
Hibernate: select distinct recursion0_.id as id1_2_0_, recursion2_.id as id1_2_1_, recursion4_.id as id1_2_2_, references1_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_0__, references1_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_0__, references3_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_1__, references3_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_1__ from Recursion recursion0_ left outer join Recursion_Recursion references1_ on recursion0_.id=references1_.referencesFrom_id left outer join Recursion recursion2_ on references1_.referencesTo_id=recursion2_.id left outer join Recursion_Recursion references3_ on recursion0_.id=references3_.referencesTo_id left outer join Recursion recursion4_ on references3_.referencesFrom_id=recursion4_.id where id=?
model.Recursion@42deb43a To=[] From=[model.Recursion@1bc53649]
Hibernate: delete from Recursion_Recursion where (referencesTo_id) in (select id from Recursion where id=2)
Hibernate: delete from Recursion_Recursion where (referencesFrom_id) in (select id from Recursion where id=2)
Hibernate: delete from Recursion where id=2
Hibernate: select distinct recursion0_.id as id1_2_0_, recursion2_.id as id1_2_1_, recursion4_.id as id1_2_2_, references1_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_0__, references1_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_0__, references3_.referencesTo_id as referenc2_3_1__, references3_.referencesFrom_id as referenc1_3_1__ from Recursion recursion0_ left outer join Recursion_Recursion references1_ on recursion0_.id=references1_.referencesFrom_id left outer join Recursion recursion2_ on references1_.referencesTo_id=recursion2_.id left outer join Recursion_Recursion references3_ on recursion0_.id=references3_.referencesTo_id left outer join Recursion recursion4_ on references3_.referencesFrom_id=recursion4_.id where id=?
model.Recursion@6b739528 To=[] From=[]
yvfmudvl

yvfmudvl2#

其实它很简单,可以通过如下方式实现,比如说你有如下的实体

public class Human {
    int id;
    short age;
    String name;
    List<Human> relatives;

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public short getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setAge(short age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public List<Human> getRelatives() {
        return relatives;
    }
    public void setRelatives(List<Human> relatives) {
        this.relatives = relatives;
    }

    public void addRelative(Human relative){
        if(relatives == null)
            relatives = new ArrayList<Human>();
        relatives.add(relative);
    }

}

相同的hbm:

<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="org.know.july31.hb.Human" table="Human">
        <id name="id" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="H_ID" />
            <generator class="increment" />
        </id>
        <property name="age" type="short">
            <column name="age" />
        </property>
        <property name="name" type="string">
            <column name="NAME" length="200"/>
        </property>
        <list name="relatives" table="relatives" cascade="all">
         <key column="H_ID"/>
         <index column="U_ID"/>
         <many-to-many class="org.know.july31.hb.Human" column="relation"/>
      </list>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

和测试用例

import org.junit.Test;
import org.know.common.HBUtil;
import org.know.july31.hb.Human;

public class SimpleTest {

    @Test
    public void test() {
        Human h1 = new Human();
        short s = 23;
        h1.setAge(s);
        h1.setName("Ratnesh Kumar singh");
        Human h2 = new Human();
        h2.setAge(s);
        h2.setName("Praveen Kumar singh");
        h1.addRelative(h2);
        Human h3 = new Human();
        h3.setAge(s);
        h3.setName("Sumit Kumar singh");
        h2.addRelative(h3);
        Human dk = new Human();
        dk.setAge(s);
        dk.setName("D Kumar singh");
        h3.addRelative(dk);
        HBUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().beginTransaction();
        HBUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().save(h1);
        HBUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().getTransaction().commit();
        HBUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().beginTransaction();
        h1 = (Human)HBUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession().load(Human.class, 1);
        System.out.println(h1.getRelatives().get(0).getName());

        HBUtil.shutdown();
    }

}
ny6fqffe

ny6fqffe3#

@多对多对自我是相当混乱的,因为你通常建模的方式不同于“休眠”方式。你的问题是你错过了另一个收藏。
这样想吧——如果你将“author”/“book”Map为多对多,你需要book上的“authors”集合和author上的“books”集合。在本例中,您的“用户”实体表示关系的两端;所以你需要“我的朋友”和“收藏的朋友”:

@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name="tbl_friends",
 joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="personId"),
 inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="friendId")
)
private List<User> friends;

@ManyToMany
@JoinTable(name="tbl_friends",
 joinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="friendId"),
 inverseJoinColumns=@JoinColumn(name="personId")
)
private List<User> friendOf;

您仍然可以使用相同的关联表,但请注意,join/inversejon列在集合上是交换的。
“friends”和“friendof”集合可能匹配,也可能不匹配(取决于“friendof”是否始终是相互的),当然,您不必在api中以这种方式公开它们,但这是在hibernate中Map它们的方法。

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