我正在尝试在一个老式的spring应用程序中从hibernate4.3.1.final迁移到5.4.27.final（大多数spring组件都在版本4.3.13.final上）。更新版本修复了几个小问题（类导入）并使用maven构建应用程序后，在尝试在tomcat 7.0.107上部署此web应用程序时出现以下错误（堆栈跟踪的一部分指向根异常）：

2121 Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Validation failed for query for method public abstract java.util.List hr.chus.plus.dao.repository.StatusUpdateRepository     .findAlarmLogsByZoneAndDatesAndNeedsAck(java.lang.Integer,java.lang.String,java.util.Date,java.util.Date)!
-- cut --
2150 Caused by: org.hibernate.QueryException: Could not resolve identifier `acks` as plural-attribute [FROM hr.chus.plus.dao.model.jpa.StatusUpdate WHERE updateType='ALARM'        AND relatedId=:alarmId   AND subtype='ZONE'   AND subtypeUuid=:zone   AND timestamp BETWEEN :start AND :end  AND needAck=true   AND size(acks)=0]
2151   at org.hibernate.QueryException.generateQueryException(QueryException.java:120) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2152   at org.hibernate.QueryException.wrapWithQueryString(QueryException.java:103) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2153   at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.doCompile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:220) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2154   at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.QueryTranslatorImpl.compile(QueryTranslatorImpl.java:144) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2155   at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:113) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2156   at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.HQLQueryPlan.<init>(HQLQueryPlan.java:73) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2157   at org.hibernate.engine.query.spi.QueryPlanCache.getHQLQueryPlan(QueryPlanCache.java:162) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2158   at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.getQueryPlan(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:604) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2159   at org.hibernate.internal.AbstractSharedSessionContract.createQuery(AbstractSharedSessionContract.java:716) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]
2160   ... 79 common frames omitted
2161 Caused by: org.hibernate.QueryException: Could not resolve identifier `acks` as plural-attribute
2162   at org.hibernate.hql.internal.ast.tree.CollectionPathNode.from(CollectionPathNode.java:123) ~[hibernate-core-5.4.27.Final.jar:5.4.27.Final]

这个jpql与以前的版本运行和部署得很好。
上述实体的相关部分如下：
报警日志：

@Entity
@Table(name = "z_alarm_log")
@SecondaryTable(name = "z_alarm_log_data", pkJoinColumns = { @PrimaryKeyJoinColumn(name = "id") })
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_ONLY)
public class AlarmLog extends AbstractLogEntity {

private static final int SUBTYPE_MAX_LENGTH = 10;

  @Column(name = "alarm_id")
  private Integer          alarmId;

  @Column(name = "trouble", columnDefinition = "TINYINT")
  private Boolean          trouble;

  @Lob
  @Basic(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
  @Column(name = "data", columnDefinition = "BLOB", table = "z_alarm_log_data")
  private String           data;

  @Column(name = "need_ack", columnDefinition = "TINYINT")
  private Boolean          needAck            = false;

  @OneToMany(mappedBy = "log", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade = { CascadeType.ALL })
  private Set<AlarmLogAck> acks               = new HashSet<>();

  @Column(name = "code", nullable = false)
  private int              code               = 0;

  @Column(name = "subtype", length = SUBTYPE_MAX_LENGTH)
  private String           subtype;

  @Column(name = "subtype_id")
  private Integer          subtypeId;

  @Column(name = "subtype_uuid", nullable = true, columnDefinition = "CHAR")
  private String           subtypeUuid;

报警确认：

@Entity
@Table(name = "z_alarm_log_ack")
@Cache(usage = CacheConcurrencyStrategy.READ_WRITE)
public class AlarmLogAck extends AbstractLongIdEntity {
  private static final int MESSAGE_MAX_LENGTH = 200;

  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY)
  @JoinColumn(name = "zipato_id")
  private Zipato           zipato;

  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
  @JoinColumn(name = "log_id")
  private AlarmLog         log;

  @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY, optional = false)
  @JoinColumn(name = "user_id")
  private User             user;

  @Column(name = "show_date", nullable = false, columnDefinition = "DATETIME")
  private Date             showDate;

  @Column(name = "ack_date", nullable = true, columnDefinition = "DATETIME")
  private Date             ackDate;

  @Column(name = "message", length = MESSAGE_MAX_LENGTH, nullable = true)
  private String           message;

alarmlogrepository（警报日志存储库）：

@Transactional(readOnly = true)
  public interface AlarmLogRepository extends JpaRepository<AlarmLog, Long>, JpaSpecificationExecutor<AlarmLog> {

    @Query("FROM AlarmLog " + //
        "WHERE zipato=:zipato " + //
        "  AND alarmId=:alarmId " + //
        "  AND subtype='ZONE' " + //
        "  AND subtypeUuid=:zone " + //
        "  AND timestamp BETWEEN :start AND :end" + //
        "  AND needAck=true " + //
        "  AND size(AlarmLog.acks)=0")
    List<AlarmLog> findAlarmLogsByZoneAndDatesAndNeedsAck(@Param("zipato") Zipato p_zipato,
                                                          @Param("alarmId") Integer p_alarmId,
                                                          @Param("zone") String p_zone,
                                                          @Param("start") Date p_start,
                                                          @Param("end") Date p_end);

我试过用谷歌搜索这个错误，但找不到这两个错误的精确组合 plural-attribute 没有被认出来。我还试着调试到某个级别，发现 Set 未被识别为集合类型，或者更确切地说 acks Set 不在列表中，因此无法识别为 plural-attribute .
我不知道怎么解决这个问题。。。
有什么想法吗？