你可以用 exists :

select t1.*
from table1 t1
where 
    exists (select 1 from table2 t2 where t2.id = t1.id)
    or exists (select 1 from table3 t3 where t3.id = t1.id)

如果要显示来自其他表的数据，请使用 left join 而是：

select t1.id, t2.col1, t3.cola
from table1 t1
left join table2 t2 on t2.id = t1.id
left join table3 t3 on t3.id = t1.id
where coalesce(t2.id, t3.id) is not null