从提供的url /store/{storeId}/customers/{customerId}/accounts/{accountId} ，显然 store has customers 还有那些 customers have accounts .
下面的方法包括额外的数据库调用来验证store by id和customer by id，但这是合适的方法，因为如果我们对store和customer表使用带有连接的查询，那么您可能无法准确地判断给定的storeid或customerid是否不正确/不在数据库中。
如果你一步一步走，你可以显示相应的错误信息，
如果storeid不正确- There exists no store with given storeId: XYZ 如果customerid不正确- There exists no customer with customerID: XYZ 因为您提到您正在使用spring boot，所以您的代码应该如下所示：

@RequestMapping(value = "/store/{storeId}/customers/{customerId}/accounts", 
                 method = RequestMethod.POST)
public ResponseEntity<Account> persistAccount(@RequestBody Account account, @PathVariable("storeId") Integer storeId,
@PathVariable("customerId") Integer customerId) {

    // Assuming you have some service class @Autowired that will query store by ID.
    // Assuming you have classes like Store, Customer, Account defined
    Store store = service.getStoreById(storeId);
    if(store==null){
        //Throw your exception / Use some Exception handling mechanism like @ExceptionHandler etc.
        //Along with proper Http Status code.
        //Message will be something like: *There exists no store with given storeId: XYZ*
    }
    Customer customer = service.getAccountById(storeId, customerId);
    if(customer==null){
        //Throw your exception with proper message.
        //Message will be something like: *There exists no store with given customerID: XYZ*
    }
    // Assuming you already have some code to save account info in database.
    // for convenience I am naming it as saveAccountAgainstStoreAndCustomer
    Account account = service.saveAccountAgainstStoreAndCustomer(storeId, customerId, account);
    ResponseEntity<Account> responseEntity = new ResponseEntity<Account>(account, HttpStatus.CREATED);        
}

上面的代码片段只是您的代码应该是什么样子的一个框架，通过遵循一些好的编码实践，您可以用比上面给出的更好的方式来构造它。
希望对你有帮助。