如何在python中设置与本地hmail服务器的连接?

mwkjh3gx  于 2021-08-20  发布在  Java
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我已经在本地机器上设置了hmailserver。我还使用python脚本来读取电子邮件。当我连接到outlook时,python脚本运行良好。但是我的hmailserver的本地连接有问题。我希望脚本连接到我的本地电子邮件服务器(hmailserver)并从那里读取电子邮件。我很难建立这个连接,而且我找不到关于hmailserver和python的好文档。

import email
import imaplib

EMAIL = 'user1@test.com'
PASSWORD = 'test123'
SERVER = '0.0.0.0/143'#'smtp-mail.outlook.com'

# connect to the server and go to its inbox

mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(SERVER)
mail.login(EMAIL, PASSWORD)

# we choose the inbox but you can select others

mail.select('inbox')

# we'll search using the ALL criteria to retrieve

# every message inside the inbox

# it will return with its status and a list of ids

status, data = mail.search(None, 'ALL')

# the list returned is a list of bytes separated

# by white spaces on this format: [b'1 2 3', b'4 5 6']

# so, to separate it first we create an empty list

mail_ids = []

# then we go through the list splitting its blocks

# of bytes and appending to the mail_ids list

for block in data:
    # the split function called without parameter
    # transforms the text or bytes into a list using
    # as separator the white spaces:
    # b'1 2 3'.split() => [b'1', b'2', b'3']
    mail_ids += block.split()

# now for every id we'll fetch the email

# to extract its content

for i in mail_ids:
    # the fetch function fetch the email given its id
    # and format that you want the message to be
    status, data = mail.fetch(i, '(RFC822)')

    # the content data at the '(RFC822)' format comes on
    # a list with a tuple with header, content, and the closing
    # byte b')'
    for response_part in data:
        # so if its a tuple...
        if isinstance(response_part, tuple):
            # we go for the content at its second element
            # skipping the header at the first and the closing
            # at the third
            message = email.message_from_bytes(response_part[1])

            # with the content we can extract the info about
            # who sent the message and its subject
            mail_from = message['from']
            mail_subject = message['subject']

            # then for the text we have a little more work to do
            # because it can be in plain text or multipart
            # if its not plain text we need to separate the message
            # from its annexes to get the text
            if message.is_multipart():
                mail_content = ''

                # on multipart we have the text message and
                # another things like annex, and html version
                # of the message, in that case we loop through
                # the email payload
                for part in message.get_payload():
                    # if the content type is text/plain
                    # we extract it
                    if part.get_content_type() == 'text/plain':
                        mail_content += part.get_payload()
            else:
                # if the message isn't multipart, just extract it
                mail_content = message.get_payload()

            # and then let's show its result
            print(f'From: {mail_from}')
            print(f'Subject: {mail_subject}')
            print(f'Content: {mail_content}')

上面是我正在使用的代码,连接到我的outlook电子邮件工作正常(smtp mail.outlook.com)。但是,当我替换服务器以连接到端口143上的本地主机0.0.0.0时,我得到了以下错误

File "c:/Users/yehya/Desktop/relay.py", line 10, in <module>
    mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(SERVER)
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 1297, in __init__
    IMAP4.__init__(self, host, port)
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 198, in __init__
    self.open(host, port)
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 1310, in open
    IMAP4.open(self, host, port)
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 303, in open
    self.sock = self._create_socket()
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 1300, in _create_socket
    sock = IMAP4._create_socket(self)
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\imaplib.py", line 293, in _create_socket
    return socket.create_connection((host, self.port))
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\socket.py", line 787, in create_connection
    for res in getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, SOCK_STREAM):
  File "C:\Users\yehya\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38\lib\socket.py", line 918, in getaddrinfo
    for res in _socket.getaddrinfo(host, port, family, type, proto, flags):
socket.gaierror: [Errno 11001] getaddrinfo failed

谢谢你的帮助

jm2pwxwz

jm2pwxwz1#

问题在于ip地址 0.0.0.0 . 这是一个“监听”地址,而不是 localhost 地址。请参阅维基百科条目。
如果你想循环回同一台机器,你需要使用ip地址 127.0.0.1 . 相应的维基百科文章。
我也认为 / 服务器中的地址可能不正确。我想你需要用 : 指定一个端口。
更改行:

SERVER = '0.0.0.0/143'#'smtp-mail.outlook.com'

以下一项:

SERVER = '127.0.0.1:143'#'smtp-mail.outlook.com'

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