您可以在filter中创建bool查询，它将解决您的问题。match查询不支持提供%2个不同的字段和值。您可以使用bool查询来实现相同的目的。

{
  "_source": [
    "score",
    "answer",
    "gender",
    "id"
  ],
  "query": {
    "function_score": {
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "score": 10
        }
      },
      "functions": [
        {
          "filter": {
            "bool": {
              "must": [
                {
                  "match": {
                    "gender": "male"
                  }
                },
                {
                  "match": {
                    "id": 1
                  }
                }
              ]
            }
          },
          "weight": 2
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}

此外，如果要为gender和id应用两个不同升压值，则可以提供两个Filter子句，如下所示：

{
  "_source": [
    "score",
    "answer",
    "gender",
    "id"
  ],
  "query": {
    "function_score": {
      "query": {
        "match": {
          "score": 10
        }
      },
      "functions": [
        {
          "filter": {
            "match": {
              "gender": "male"
            }
          },
          "weight": 2
        },
        {
          "filter": {
            "match": {
              "id": 1
            }
          },
          "weight": 1
        }
      ]
    }
  }
}