将ElasticSearch环境更改为“弹性用户名”和“弹性密码”，以进行ElasticSearch：7.14.0

version: '3.4'
    services:
      elasticsearch:
        image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.14.0
        container_name: elasticsearch
        environment:
            - "discovery.type=single-node"
            - ELASTIC_USERNAME=elastic
            - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=MagicWord
            - xpack.security.enabled=true
        ports:
            - 32769:9200
            - 32770:9300
        networks:
            - elastic

      kibana:
        image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:7.14.0
        container_name: kibana
        environment:
          - ELASTICSEARCH_URL="http://elasticsearch:9200"
          - ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME=elastic
          - ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD=MagicWord
          - xpack.security.enabled=true
        links:
         - elasticsearch
        ports: 
          - 5601:5601
        networks: 
          - elastic
        depends_on: 
          - elasticsearch  

    networks:
      elastic:
         driver: bridge

附件是ElasticSearch〉7.x的一个简单配置。
ElasticSearch需要用户“elastic"。

elasticsearch:
  container_name: search
  image: elasticsearch:7.10.1
  restart: always
  ports:
   - 9200:9200
   - 9300:9300
  environment:
   - "discovery.type=single-node"
   - xpack.security.enabled=true
   - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=YOUR_PASSWORD

Xpack附带的Elasticsearch安全功能并不是免费的，有一个月的试用版，然后是付费版。
但是根据这个elastic blog，它是免费的，从版本（6.8.0和7.1.0）开始。
我写这个答案是为了激活免费的Elasticsearch安全功能与码头组成。
请记住，当使用下面的代码时，Kibana和Elasticsearch节点都是安全的用户名和密码，所以访问Elasticsearch的其余客户端必须有凭据，这个答案会有所帮助。
这是我的准则：

version: '3'

services:
  create_certs:
    container_name: create_certs
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:6.8.0
    command: >
      bash -c '
        if [[ ! -f ./config/certificates/elastic-certificates.p12 ]]; then
          bin/elasticsearch-certutil cert -out config/certificates/elastic-certificates.p12 -pass ""
        fi;
        chown -R 1000:0 /usr/share/elasticsearch/config/certificates
      '
    user: "0"
    working_dir: /usr/share/elasticsearch
    volumes: ['certs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/certificates']

  elasticsearch:
    container_name: elasticsearch
    depends_on: [create_certs]
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:6.8.0
    environment:
      - cluster.name=docker-cluster
      - bootstrap.memory_lock=true
      - "ES_JAVA_OPTS=-Xms512m -Xmx512m"
      - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=MyPassword # password for default user: elastic 
      - xpack.security.enabled=true
      - xpack.security.transport.ssl.enabled=true
      - xpack.security.transport.ssl.verification_mode=certificate
      - xpack.security.transport.ssl.keystore.path=/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/certificates/elastic-certificates.p12
      - xpack.security.transport.ssl.truststore.path=/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/certificates/elastic-certificates.p12
    volumes: ['esdata:/usr/share/elasticsearch/data', 'certs:/usr/share/elasticsearch/config/certificates']
    ulimits:
      nofile:
        soft: 65536
        hard: 65536
      memlock:
        soft: -1
        hard: -1
    ports:
      - "9200:9200"

  kibana:
    container_name: kibana
    depends_on: [elasticsearch]
    image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:6.8.0
    environment:
      - ELASTICSEARCH_USERNAME=elastic
      - ELASTICSEARCH_PASSWORD=MyPassword
    ports:
      - "5601:5601"

volumes: {"esdata", "certs"}

也许我来的太晚了...但我今天遇到了这个问题，挖掘发现你不必设置用户，只需设置密码。这是docker-compose文件

version: '3.6'
services:
  elasticsearchNode:
    image: elasticsearch:$STACK_VERSION
    container_name: elasticsearchNode
    environment:
      discovery.type: 'single-node'
      ELASTIC_PASSWORD: $ELK_PASS
      cluster.name: 'dockercluster'
      node.name: 'node-master'
      bootstrap.memory_lock: 'true'
      ES_JAVA_OPTS: '-Xms512m -Xmx512m'
      xpack.security.enabled: 'true'
    ports:
      - 9200:9200
      - 9300:9300
    networks:
      - docker_elk_node
volumes:
  esdataNode:
networks:
  docker_elk_node:

和.env文件

COMPOSE_PROJECT_NAME=es
STACK_VERSION=7.6.0
ELK_PASS=MyPassWord

使用Docker在Elasticsearch中启用安全性

更新环境变量t enable true

environment:
  - "discovery.type=single-node"
  - ELASTIC_USERNAME=elastic
  - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=MagicWord
  - xpack.security.enabled=true

下面是elasticseaarch和kibana的示例文件docker-compose.yml。

version: '3.4'

services:
  elasticsearch:
    image: docker.elastic.co/elasticsearch/elasticsearch:7.16.2
    container_name: elasticsearch
    environment:
        - "discovery.type=single-node"
        - ELASTIC_USERNAME=elastic
        - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=MagicWord
        - xpack.security.enabled=true
      ports:
        - 9200:9200
        - 9300:9300
      networks:
        - elastic

    kibana:
      image: docker.elastic.co/kibana/kibana:7.16.2
      container_name: kibana
      environment:
        - ELASTICSEARCH_URL="http://elasticsearch:9200"
        - ELASTIC_USERNAME=elastic
        - ELASTIC_PASSWORD=MagicWord
        - xpack.security.enabled=true
      links:
       - elasticsearch
      ports: 
        - 5601:5601
      networks: 
  - elastic
      depends_on: 
        - elasticsearch  

  networks:
    elastic:
        driver: bridge