我试图更新一个用户，并将密码添加到数据库中创建的新列中，因为密码将被加密。但是，我收到了以下错误，它不是作为行的更新发送，而是作为数据库中的新行发送。我检查了一下，大多数情况下都是使用.保存（方法）在存储库中进行更新，但它更新的是对象，而不是添加新行：

2022-10-26 12:50:37.648  INFO 13732 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] com.ssc.test.cb3.service.UserService     
: Fetching user htorres
Existent user: User(serie=5, username=htorres, name=Herney Torres, password=htorres, 
profile=1, email=, status=false, passwordc=null, roles=[Role(serie=1, name=ROLE_USER)])
2022-10-26 12:50:37.793  INFO 13732 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] com.ssc.test.cb3.service.UserService     
: Saving new user Herney Torres to the database
2022-10-26 12:50:38.064  WARN 13732 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] 
o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : SQL Error: 0, SQLState: 23505
2022-10-26 12:50:38.064 ERROR 13732 --- [nio-8080-exec-3] 
o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper   : ERROR: llave duplicada viola restricción de 
unicidad «usuario_login_key»
Detail: Ya existe la llave (login)=(htorres).

Detail中的最后一条消息表示：已存在一个密钥（登录名）=（htorres）。
如果没有主键“login”（即用户名），我如何发送请求？我尝试在postman中不将其包含在请求中，但它返回错误ERROR 13732 --- [nio-8080-exec-6] o.h.engine.jdbc.spi.SqlExceptionHelper：ERROR：〈〉列的null值违反了not null '的限制，我检查了列表是否可以使用.remove（）来不包含主键，如以下资源所示，但不确定在我的体系结构中如何：
SpringRest with arrayLists
这是我的课：

package com.ssc.test.cb3.controller;

import com.ssc.test.cb3.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import static org.springframework.http.HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PutMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.support.ServletUriComponentsBuilder;

/**
 * Class to handle REST services and APIs for the Customer's class
 *
 * @author ssc
 */
@RestController
@RequestMapping("/v1/users")
//@CrossOrigin(origins = "http://localhost:3000")
public class UserController {

    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;

    @Autowired
    private PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @PutMapping("/updateUser/{id}")
    private ResponseEntity<?> updateUser(@PathVariable("id") String username, @RequestBody User user){
        User existentUser = userService.getUser(username);
        System.out.println("Existent user: " + existentUser);
        existentUser.setPasswordc(passwordEncoder.encode(user.getPasswordc()));

        return ResponseEntity.ok(userService.createUser(user));   
    }

}

服务类：
软件包com.ssc.test.cb3.service;

import com.ssc.test.cb3.model.Role;
import com.ssc.test.cb3.model.User;
import com.ssc.test.cb3.repository.RoleRepository;
import com.ssc.test.cb3.repository.UserRepository;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;
import lombok.RequiredArgsConstructor;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

/**
 * Class to prepare the services to be dispatched upon request regarding Customers. 
 * @author ssc
 */

@Service 
@Transactional 
@Slf4j
@RequiredArgsConstructor
public class UserService implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    private UserRepository userRepository;
    @Autowired
    private final RoleRepository roleRepository;
    @Autowired
    private final PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username);  // details from user loaded by getting the username
        if(user == null){
            log.error("User not found in the database");
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found in the database");
        } else {
            log.info("User found in the database: {}", username);
        }
        Collection<SimpleGrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
        user.getRoles().forEach(role -> { 
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.getName()));
        });
        return new org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), authorities);
    }

    /**
     *  Method to get details from a user by the username
     * @param username key that helps to identify the user we want to retrieve from the database
     * @return the user details. 
     * @throws UsernameNotFoundException 
     */
    public User getUserDetailsByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {
        User user = userRepository.findByUsername(username);  // details from user loaded by getting the username
        if(user == null){
            log.error("User not found in the database by that username");
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("User not found in the database by that username");
        } else {
            log.info("User found in the database: {}", username);
        }
        return user;
    }

    /**
     * 
     * @param id
     * @return 
     */
    public User getUser(String username){
        log.info("Fetching user {}", username);
        return userRepository.findByUsername(username);
    }

    /**
     * Functionality to create a new user
     * @param user receives an objet User to be saved on the database
     * @return the action of saving the user in the database. 
     */
    public User createUser(User user){
        log.info("Saving new user {} to the database", user.getName());
        user.setPassword(passwordEncoder.encode(user.getPassword()));
        user.setPasswordc(passwordEncoder.encode(user.getPasswordc()));
        return userRepository.save(user);
    } 

}

我的存储库类：

package com.ssc.test.cb3.repository;

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;
import com.ssc.test.cb3.model.User;

/**
 * Class that extends to the repository for database management queries with table Usuario
 * @author ssc
 */

@Repository
public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Integer> {

    User findByUsername(String username);
}

最后是我的用户实体类：

package com.ssc.test.cb3.model;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collection;
import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.FetchType;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.ManyToMany;
import javax.persistence.Table;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;

/**
 * Class that models the entity User as table of the database
 * @author cardo
 */
@Entity
@Table(name = "usuario")
@Data @NoArgsConstructor @AllArgsConstructor
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private int serie;

    @Column(name = "login")  
    private String username;   // Username...

    @Column(name = "nombre")
    private String name;

    private String password;

    @Column(name = "perfil")
    private int profile;

    private String email;

    @Column(name = "activo")
    private boolean status;

    private String passwordc;

    @ManyToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
    private Collection<Role> roles = new ArrayList<>();
}