我在尝试做类似的事情时发现了这个老问题。现在，我的解决方案是创建一个独立的记录器/追加器，带有一个唯一的loggerId，如下所示：

var loggerId = operation.getId(); // This is a unique ID
var logger = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.Logger) LogManager.getLogger(loggerId);
var appender = createAppender();
logger.addAppender(appender);

logger.info("using logger");

appender.stop();
logger.removeAppender(appender);

我遇到的问题是我需要传递这个logger变量，我不能使用经典的“静态记录器”。

我正在考虑的另一个解决方案是向rootLogger添加一个AbstractAppender，然后从那里对日志进行任何操作。
我会更新这个答案，当我开发它多一点。

var layout = PatternLayout.newBuilder()
        .withPattern("%d{ISO8601_OFFSET_DATE_TIME_HHCMM} [%t] %-5level  %c{1.} %X %msg%n%throwable")
        .build();

var rootLogger = (org.apache.logging.log4j.core.Logger) LogManager.getRootLogger();

var appender = new AbstractAppender("intercept-appender", null, layout, false, null) {
    @Override
    public void append(LogEvent event) {
        System.out.println("INTERCEPTED: " + getLayout().toSerializable(event));
    }
};

appender.start();
rootLogger.addAppender(appender);

log.info("Message after adding intercept appender");

我的最终解决方案是将Appender与ThreadContextMapFilter相加。

// With %X you will see the thread context values
    var layout = PatternLayout.newBuilder()
            .withPattern("%d{ISO8601_OFFSET_DATE_TIME_HHCMM} [%t] %-5level %c{1.} %X %msg%n%throwable")
            .build();

    var appender = FileAppender.newBuilder()
            .setName(fileId)
            .withFileName("/tmp/my-file.log")
            .setLayout(layout)
            // --- IMPORTANT PART ---
            .setFilter(new ThreadContextMapFilter(
                    Map.of("my-key", List.of("my-value")), true, null, null))
            .build();

    // Add the appender
    // https://logging.apache.org/log4j/2.x/manual/customconfig.html
    appender.start();
    final LoggerContext context = LoggerContext.getContext(false);
    final Configuration config = context.getConfiguration();
    config.addAppender(appender);
    config.getRootLogger().addAppender(appender, null, null);
    context.updateLoggers();

    // --- IMPORTANT PART ---
    try (var ignore = CloseableThreadContext.put("my-key", "my-value")) {
        // the logs here will be captured by the appender
        log.info("This log WILL be captured by the appender");

        // Note: In case you start threads from here,
        // you should pass the ThreadContext to them.
    }

    log.info("This log will NOT be captured by the appender");

    // Wait for the logs to be flushed. Any improvement ideas?
    // https://stackoverflow.com/a/71081005/1121497
    try {
        Thread.sleep(500);
    } catch (InterruptedException ignore) {
    }

    // Remove the appender
    final LoggerContext context = LoggerContext.getContext(false);
    final Configuration config = context.getConfiguration();
    config.getRootLogger().removeAppender(appender.getName());
    context.updateLoggers();
    appender.stop();