我通过在我的处理器中使用对象Map器解决了这个问题。
我的路线生成器：

from("seda:rout")
          .routeId("distinaation")
          .unmarshal()
          .json(JsonLibrary.Jackson, Request.class)
          .bean(Bean.class, "processRequest")
          .to(destination)
          .bean(Bean.class, "processResponse")

处理器：

public Response processResponse(Exchange exchange) throws IOException {
    String responseStr = exchange.getIn().getBody().toString();
    ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
    List<Response> list = mapper.readValue(responseStr, new TypeReference<List<Response>>(){};
    Response response = list.get(0);
    ...
}

另一个简短的方法是：
在路线生成器中：

from("seda:rout")
          .routeId("distinaation")
          .unmarshal()
          .json(JsonLibrary.Jackson, Request.class)
          .bean(Bean.class, "processRequest")
          .to(destination)
          .unmarshal(new ListJacksonDataFormat(Response.class))
          .bean(Bean.class, "processResponse")

处理器：

public Response processResponse(List<Response> list {
   Response response = list.get(0);
   ...
}