My.cnf

[mysql]
port = 3306
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

[mysqld]

# === Required Settings ===

basedir = /usr
bind_address = 127.0.0.1
datadir = /var/lib/mysql
max_allowed_packet = 1024M
max_connect_errors = 1000000
pid-file=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.pid
port = 3306
skip_name_resolve
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
tmpdir = /tmp

sql_mode = ""
thread_handling = pool-of-threads

# === InnoDB Settings ===

default_storage_engine = InnoDB
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 36G # Use up to 70-80% of RAM
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 1G
innodb_sort_buffer_size = 4M # UPD - Defines how much data is read into memory for sorting operations before writing to disk (default is 1M / max is 64M)
innodb_stats_on_metadata = 0

innodb_read_io_threads = 64
innodb_write_io_threads = 64
innodb_io_capacity = 2000 # Depends on the storage tech - use 2000 for SSD, more for NVMe
innodb_io_capacity_max = 4000 # Usually double the value of innodb_io_capacity

# === Connection Settings ===

max_connections = 100 # UPD - Important: high no. of connections = high RAM consumption

back_log = 512
thread_cache_size = 100
thread_stack = 192K

interactive_timeout = 180
wait_timeout = 180

# === Buffer Settings ===

join_buffer_size = 4M # UPD
read_buffer_size = 3M # UPD
read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M # UPD
sort_buffer_size = 4M # UPD

# === Table Settings ===

table_definition_cache = 40000 # UPD
table_open_cache = 40000 # UPD
open_files_limit = 60000 # UPD

max_heap_table_size = 128M # Increase to 256M or 512M if you have lots of temporary tables because of missing indices in JOINs
tmp_table_size = 128M # Use same value as max_heap_table_size

# === Search Settings ===

ft_min_word_len = 3 # Minimum length of words to be indexed for search results

# === Binary Logging ===

disable_log_bin = 1

# === Error & Slow Query Logging ===

log_error = /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log
log_queries_not_using_indexes = 0 # Disabled on production
long_query_time = 5
slow_query_log = 0 # Disabled on production
slow_query_log_file = /var/lib/mysql/mysql_slow.log

[mysqldump]

quick
quote_names
max_allowed_packet = 1024M

# 

# include all files from the config directory

# 

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

我的RAM和CPU

[root@localhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l
24
[root@localhost ~]# free -m
              total        used        free      shared  buff/cache   available
Mem:          48125        6136       12446          50       29541       41490
Swap:             0           0           0

神秘调谐器

[root@localhost ~]# ./mysqltuner.pl
 >>  MySQLTuner 1.9.8
         * Jean-Marie Renouard <jmrenouard@gmail.com>
         * Major Hayden <major@mhtx.net>
 >>  Bug reports, feature requests, and downloads at http://mysqltuner.pl/
 >>  Run with '--help' for additional options and output filtering

[--] Skipped version check for MySQLTuner script
[!!] Your MySQL version 10.8.3-MariaDB is EOL software!  Upgrade soon!
[OK] Operating on 64-bit architecture

-------- Log file Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[OK] Log file /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log exists
[--] Log file: /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log(70K)
[OK] Log file /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log is not empty
[OK] Log file /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log is smaller than 32 Mb
[OK] Log file /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log is readable.
[!!] /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log contains 339 warning(s).
[!!] /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log contains 51 error(s).
[--] 2 start(s) detected in /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log
[--] 1) 2022-06-19 16:42:05 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd: ready for connections.
[--] 2) 2022-06-17 21:30:12 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd: ready for connections.
[--] 1 shutdown(s) detected in /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log
[--] 1) 2022-06-19 16:42:04 0 [Note] /usr/sbin/mariadbd: Shutdown complete

-------- Storage Engine Statistics -----------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Status: +Aria +CSV +InnoDB +MEMORY +MRG_MyISAM +MyISAM +PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA +SEQUENCE
[--] Data in Aria tables: 32.0K (Tables: 1)
[--] Data in InnoDB tables: 1.7G (Tables: 845)
[OK] Total fragmented tables: 0

-------- Analysis Performance Metrics --------------------------------------------------------------
[--] innodb_stats_on_metadata: OFF
[OK] No stat updates during querying INFORMATION_SCHEMA.

-------- Views Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------- Triggers Metrics --------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------- Routines Metrics --------------------------------------------------------------------------

-------- Security Recommendations ------------------------------------------------------------------
[OK] There are no anonymous accounts for any database users
[OK] All database users have passwords assigned
[!!] There is no basic password file list!

-------- CVE Security Recommendations --------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Skipped due to --cvefile option undefined

-------- Performance Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Up for: 4d 6h 58m 28s (166M q [448.474 qps], 937K conn, TX: 203G, RX: 12G)
[--] Reads / Writes: 98% / 2%
[--] Binary logging is disabled
[--] Physical Memory     : 47.0G
[--] Max MySQL memory    : 137.9G
[--] Other process memory: 0B
[--] Total buffers: 36.4G global + 1.0G per thread (100 max threads)
[--] P_S Max memory usage: 0B
[--] Galera GCache Max memory usage: 0B
[!!] Maximum reached memory usage: 93.2G (198.36% of installed RAM)
[!!] Maximum possible memory usage: 137.9G (293.37% of installed RAM)
[!!] Overall possible memory usage with other process exceeded memory
[OK] Slow queries: 0% (53/166M)
[OK] Highest usage of available connections: 56% (56/100)
[OK] Aborted connections: 0.01%  (107/937871)
[OK] Query cache is disabled by default due to mutex contention on multiprocessor machines.
[OK] Sorts requiring temporary tables: 0% (0 temp sorts / 874K sorts)
[!!] Joins performed without indexes: 46708
[OK] Temporary tables created on disk: 2% (6K on disk / 305K total)
[--] Thread cache not used with thread pool enabled
[OK] Table cache hit rate: 99% (77M hits / 77M requests)
[OK] table_definition_cache(40000) is upper than number of tables(1137)
[OK] Open file limit used: 0% (29/32K)
[OK] Table locks acquired immediately: 100% (2K immediate / 2K locks)

-------- Performance schema ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[!!] Performance_schema should be activated.
[--] Sys schema is installed.

-------- ThreadPool Metrics ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] ThreadPool stat is enabled.
[--] Thread Pool Size: 24 thread(s).
[--] Using default value is good enough for your version (10.8.3-MariaDB)

-------- MyISAM Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] No MyISAM table(s) detected ....

-------- InnoDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] InnoDB is enabled.
[OK] InnoDB File per table is activated
[OK] InnoDB buffer pool / data size: 36.0G/1.7G
[!!] Ratio InnoDB log file size / InnoDB Buffer pool size (2.77777777777778 %): 1.0G * 1/36.0G should be equal to 25%
[--] Number of InnoDB Buffer Pool Chunk : 64 for 1 Buffer Pool Instance(s)
[OK] Innodb_buffer_pool_size aligned with Innodb_buffer_pool_chunk_size & Innodb_buffer_pool_instances
[OK] InnoDB Read buffer efficiency: 100.00% (36551426226 hits/ 36551507601 total)
[OK] InnoDB Write log efficiency: 90.84% (7736631 hits/ 8516998 total)
[OK] InnoDB log waits: 0.00% (0 waits / 780367 writes)

-------- Aria Metrics ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Aria Storage Engine is enabled.
[OK] Aria pagecache size / total Aria indexes: 128.0M/344.0K
[!!] Aria pagecache hit rate: 82.5% (38K cached / 6K reads)

-------- TokuDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] TokuDB is disabled.

-------- XtraDB Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] XtraDB is disabled.

-------- Galera Metrics ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Galera is disabled.

-------- Replication Metrics -----------------------------------------------------------------------
[--] Galera Synchronous replication: NO
[--] No replication slave(s) for this server.
[--] Binlog format: MIXED
[--] XA support enabled: ON
[--] Semi synchronous replication Master: OFF
[--] Semi synchronous replication Slave: OFF
[--] This is a standalone server

-------- Recommendations ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
General recommendations:
    You are using n unsupported version for production environments
    Upgrade as soon as possible to a supported version !
    Check warning line(s) in /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log file
    Check error line(s) in /var/lib/mysql/mysql_error.log file
    Reduce your overall MySQL memory footprint for system stability
    Dedicate this server to your database for highest performance.
    We will suggest raising the 'join_buffer_size' until JOINs not using indexes are found.
             See https://dev.mysql.com/doc/internals/en/join-buffer-size.html
             (specially the conclusions at the bottom of the page).
    Performance schema should be activated for better diagnostics
    Before changing innodb_log_file_size and/or innodb_log_files_in_group read this:
Variables to adjust:

***MySQL's maximum memory usage is dangerously high***
***Add RAM before increasing MySQL buffer variables***

    join_buffer_size (> 4.0M, or always use indexes with JOINs)
    performance_schema=ON
    innodb_log_file_size should be (=9G) if possible, so InnoDB total log files size equals to 25% of buffer pool size.
[root@localhost ~]#

调优入门

[root@localhost ~]# ./tuning-primer.sh

        -- MYSQL PERFORMANCE TUNING PRIMER --
             - By: Matthew Montgomery -

MySQL Version 10.8.3-MariaDB x86_64

Uptime = 4 days 9 hrs 29 min 40 sec
Avg. qps = 454
Total Questions = 172718132
Threads Connected = 33

Server has been running for over 48hrs.
It should be safe to follow these recommendations

To find out more information on how each of these
runtime variables effects performance visit:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/10.8/en/server-system-variables.html
Visit http://www.mysql.com/products/enterprise/advisors.html
for info about MySQL's Enterprise Monitoring and Advisory Service

SLOW QUERIES
The slow query log is NOT enabled.
Current long_query_time = 5.000000 sec.
You have 53 out of 172718244 that take longer than 5.000000 sec. to complete
Your long_query_time seems to be fine

BINARY UPDATE LOG
The binary update log is NOT enabled.
You will not be able to do point in time recovery
See http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/10.8/en/point-in-time-recovery.html

WORKER THREADS
Current thread_cache_size = 100
Current threads_cached = 0
Current threads_per_sec = 0
Historic threads_per_sec = 0
Your thread_cache_size is fine

MAX CONNECTIONS
Current max_connections = 100
Current threads_connected = 33
Historic max_used_connections = 56
The number of used connections is 56% of the configured maximum.
Your max_connections variable seems to be fine.

No InnoDB Support Enabled!

MEMORY USAGE
Max Memory Ever Allocated : 36.97 G
Configured Max Per-thread Buffers : 1.48 G
Configured Max Global Buffers : 36.14 G
Configured Max Memory Limit : 37.62 G
Physical Memory : 46.99 G
Max memory limit seem to be within acceptable norms

KEY BUFFER
No key reads?!
Seriously look into using some indexes
Current MyISAM index space = 0 bytes
Current key_buffer_size = 128 M
Key cache miss rate is 1 : 0
Key buffer free ratio = 81 %
Your key_buffer_size seems to be fine

QUERY CACHE
Query cache is enabled
Current query_cache_size = 1 M
Current query_cache_used = 16 K
Current query_cache_limit = 1 M
Current Query cache Memory fill ratio = 1.65 %
Current query_cache_min_res_unit = 4 K
Your query_cache_size seems to be too high.
Perhaps you can use these resources elsewhere
MySQL won't cache query results that are larger than query_cache_limit in size

SORT OPERATIONS
Current sort_buffer_size = 4 M
Current read_rnd_buffer_size = 4 M
Sort buffer seems to be fine

JOINS
./tuning-primer.sh: line 402: export: `2097152': not a valid identifier
Current join_buffer_size = 4.00 M
You have had 48458 queries where a join could not use an index properly
join_buffer_size >= 4 M
This is not advised
You should enable "log-queries-not-using-indexes"
Then look for non indexed joins in the slow query log.

OPEN FILES LIMIT
Current open_files_limit = 32768 files
The open_files_limit should typically be set to at least 2x-3x
that of table_cache if you have heavy MyISAM usage.
Your open_files_limit value seems to be fine

TABLE CACHE
Current table_open_cache = 16319 tables
Current table_definition_cache = 40000 tables
You have a total of 957 tables
You have 1124 open tables.
The table_cache value seems to be fine

TEMP TABLES
Current max_heap_table_size = 128 M
Current tmp_table_size = 128 M
Of 315112 temp tables, 2% were created on disk
Created disk tmp tables ratio seems fine

TABLE SCANS
Current read_buffer_size = 3 M
Current table scan ratio = 155 : 1
read_buffer_size seems to be fine

TABLE LOCKING
Current Lock Wait ratio = 0 : 172720142
Your table locking seems to be fine

[root@localhost ~]#

• 我可以分配40gb的内存到mariadb服务器。*
• 我需要8GB内存。我们可以使用所有24个处理器。*
• 请帮助我如何进行设置。*
• 该网站将用于网页游戏。*
• 所有table都使用MyISAM *
• 我把它们都转换成了innodb，它工作得很好。*
• 如果您需要更多信息，请在评论中告诉我。*