我正在尝试使用RabbitMQ在 Spring 创建发布者和消费者应用程序。一切都运行良好，当发布者发送消息时，消费者接收并成功使用它。但如下图所示，RabbitMQ界面没有显示创建的队列和交换。
无队列

不交换

这是我写的代码：
RABBITMQ配置（发布者应用程序和消费者应用程序中相同）

package com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqconsumer.configuration;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.MessageConverter;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class RabbitMQConfig {

    public static final String ROUTING_A = "routing.A";
    public static final String ROUTING_B = "routing.B";

    //QUEUES
    @Bean
    Queue queueA() {
        return new Queue("queue.A", false);
    }
    @Bean
    Queue queueB() {
        return new Queue("queue.B", false);
    }

    //Direct Exchange
    @Bean
    DirectExchange exchange() {
        return new DirectExchange("exchange.direct");
    }

    //BINDINGS
    @Bean
    Binding bindingA(Queue queueA, DirectExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueA)
                .to(exchange)
                .with(ROUTING_A);
    }
    @Bean
    Binding bindingB(Queue queueB, DirectExchange exchange) {
        return BindingBuilder.bind(queueB)
                .to(exchange)
                .with(ROUTING_B);
    }

    @Bean
    MessageConverter messageConverter() {
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }

    @Bean
    RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate(ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        rabbitTemplate.setMessageConverter(messageConverter());
        return rabbitTemplate;
    }
}

消息模型（发布者和消费者应用程序中相同）

package com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqconsumer.model;

import lombok.Getter;
import lombok.Setter;
import lombok.ToString;

@Getter
@Setter
@ToString
public class Message {

    private int id;
    private String name;
}

消费者控制器

package com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqconsumer.controller;

import com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqconsumer.model.Message;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@Slf4j
public class Consumer {

    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue.A")
    private void receiveA(Message message) {
        log.info("Message received from queueA -> {}", message);
    }

    @RabbitListener(queues = "queue.B")
    private void receiveB(Message message) {
        log.info("Message received from queueB -> {}", message);
    }
}

唱针控制器

package com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqproducer.contoller;

import com.example.rabbitmq.springrabbitmqproducer.model.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.DirectExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestBody;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;

@RestController
public class Producer {

    private final RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate;

    private final DirectExchange exchange;

    public Producer(RabbitTemplate rabbitTemplate, DirectExchange exchange) {
        this.rabbitTemplate = rabbitTemplate;
        this.exchange = exchange;
    }

    @PostMapping("/posta")
    public String senda(@RequestBody Message message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange.getName(), "routing.A", message);
        return "message sent successfully";
    }

    @PostMapping("/postb")
    public String sendb(@RequestBody Message message) {
        rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(exchange.getName(), "routing.B", message);
        return "message sent successfully";
    }
}

属性文件（除端口外，两个应用程序中的属性相同）

server.port=8081

# rabbitmq configuration

spring.rabbitmq.host=localhost
spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
spring.rabbitmq.username=guest
spring.rabbitmq.password=guest

这是我用来启动RabbitMQ容器的docker命令：

docker run -d --name my-rabbit -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 rabbitmq:3-management

正如您所看到的，使用者接收消息并使用它