循环变量并检查其名称：

productFlavors {
    vanilla {}
    chocolate {}
}

applicationVariants.all { variant ->
    println("Iterating variant: " + variant.getName())
    if (variant.getName() == "chocolateDebug") {
        variant.buildConfigField "boolean", "VARIABLE", "true"
    } else {
        variant.buildConfigField "boolean", "VARIABLE", "false"
    }
}

这里是一个解决方案，没有我在Simas answer下描述的缺点

buildTypes {
    debug {}
    release {}
}

productFlavors {
    vanilla {
        ext {
            variable = [debug: "vanilla-debug value", release: "vanilla-release value"]
        }
    }
    chocolate {
        ext {
            variable = [debug: "chocolate-debug value", release: "chocolate-release value"]
        }
    }
}

applicationVariants.all { variant ->
    def flavor = variant.productFlavors[0]
    variant.buildConfigField "boolean", "VARIABLE", "\"${flavor.variable[variant.buildType.name]}\""
}

不幸的是，在Gradle构建系统中，buildTypes和productFlavors是两个独立的实体。
据我所知，要完成您想要实现的目标，您需要创建另一个构建风格，如：

buildTypes {
        debug{}
        release {}
    }

    productFlavors {
        vanillaDebug {
             buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, FALSE
        }
        vanillaRelease {
             buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, TRUE
        }
        chocolate {
             buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, FALSE
        }
    }

对于您的特定情况，您也可以只使用defaultConfig：

defaultConfig {
    buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, TRUE
}

buildTypes {
    debug {
        buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, FALSE
    }
    release {
    }
}

productFlavors {
    VANILLA {
    }
    CHOCOLATE {
        buildConfigField BOOLEAN, VARIABLE, FALSE
    }
}

默认值为TRUE，但是您将所有调试版本和所有Chocolate版本设置为FALSE。因此，唯一剩下的TRUE是VANILLA-release。

下面是我解决这个问题的方法：

def GAME_DIMENSION = "game"
def BUILD_DIMENSION = "building"

flavorDimensions GAME_DIMENSION, BUILD_DIMENSION

productFlavors {
    lollipop {
        dimension BUILD_DIMENSION
        minSdkVersion 21
    }

    normal {
        dimension BUILD_DIMENSION
    }

    game_1 {
        dimension GAME_DIMENSION
        ext {
            fields = [
                    [type: 'String', name: 'TESTSTRING', values: [debug: 'debugstring', release: 'releasestring']],
                    [type: 'int', name: 'TESTINT', values: [debug: '1234', release: '31337']]
            ]
        }
    }

    game_2 {
        dimension GAME_DIMENSION
        ext {
            fields = []  // none for game_2
        }
    }
}

applicationVariants.all { variant ->

    // get the GAME dimension flavor
    def game = variant.getProductFlavors()
            .findAll({ flavor -> flavor.dimension == GAME_DIMENSION})
            .get(0)

    println "Adding " + game.ext.fields.size() + " custom buildConfigFields for flavor " + variant.name

    // loop over the fields and make appropriate buildConfigField
    game.ext.fields.each { field ->
        def fldType = field['type']
        def fldName = field['name']
        def fldValues = field['values']

        // get debug/release specific value from values array
        def fldSpecificValue = fldValues[variant.getBuildType().name]

        // add quotes for strings
        if (fldType == 'String') {
            fldSpecificValue = '\"' + fldSpecificValue + '\"'
        }

        println "    => " + fldType + " " + fldName + " = " + fldSpecificValue
        variant.buildConfigField fldType, fldName, fldSpecificValue
    }
}

（我还不能确定ext.fields是否存在于一个flavor上）

您可以尝试多种产品口味：

productFlavors {
        demo {
            applicationId "com.demo"
            versionCode 1
            versionName '1.0'
            ext {
                APP_BASE_URL = [debug: "${BASE_URL_DEV}", release: "${BASE_URL_PRODUCTION}"]
            }
        }
        demo1 {
            applicationId "com.demo1"
            versionCode 1
            versionName '1.2'
            ext {
                APP_BASE_URL = [debug: "${BASE_URL_DEV}", release: "${BASE_URL_PRODUCTION}"]
            }
        }

    applicationVariants.all { variant ->
            def flavor = variant.productFlavors[0]
            variant.buildConfigField "String", "BASE_URL", "${flavor.ext.APP_BASE_URL[variant.buildType.name]}"
        }

@Simas Aswer是正确的，但使用switch case可能会更好一些：

android {

    defaultConfig {
       ...
    }

    buildTypes {
        debug {
            ...
        }

        release {
            ...
        }

    }

    flavorDimensions "type"
    productFlavors {

        vanilla {
            dimension "type"
           ...
        }

        chocolate {
            dimension "type"
            ...
        }
    }

    applicationVariants.all { variant ->
        switch (variant.getName()) {
            case "vanillaDebug":
                variant.buildConfigField 'String', 'SDK_API_KEY', "\"$vanillaSdkApiKeyDebug\""
                break

            case "vanillaRelease":
                variant.buildConfigField 'String', 'SDK_API_KEY', "\"$vanillaSdkApiKeyRelease\""
                break

            case "chocolateDebug":
                variant.buildConfigField 'String', 'SDK_API_KEY', "\"$chocolateSdkApiKeyDebug\""
                break

            case "chocolateRelease":
                variant.buildConfigField 'String', 'SDK_API_KEY', "\"$chocolateSdkApiKeyRelease\""
                break

            default:
                throw new GradleException("The values are unknown for variant: ${variant.getName()}")
                break
        }
    }
}

我用以下方法解决了这个问题（.kts）

applicationVariants.all {
        when {
            flavorName.contains("flavor1", true) && buildType.name.equals("debug", true) -> {
                buildConfigField("String", "BACKEND_URL", "\"https://api.dev.flavor1.com\"")
            }
            flavorName.contains("flavor1", true) && buildType.name.equals("release", true) -> {
                buildConfigField("String", "BACKEND_URL", "\"https://api.prod.flavor1.com\"")
            }
            flavorName.contains("flavor2", true) && buildType.name.equals("debug", true) -> {
                buildConfigField("String", "BACKEND_URL", "\"https://api.dev.flavor2.com\"")
            }
            flavorName.contains("flavor2", true) && buildType.name.equals("release", true) -> {
                buildConfigField("String", "BACKEND_URL", "\"https://api.prod.flavor2.com\"")
            }
        }
}

当每种风格/构建类型组合的URL彼此之间存在较大差异时，可以使用此解决方案。
此外，使用applicationVariants.all{ .. }***时必须不带***lambda参数。

productFlavors {
    vanilla {}
    chocolate {}
}

buildTypes {
        release {
            productFlavors.vanilla {
                //your configuration for vanilla flavor with release buildType
            }
        }
        debug {
            productFlavors.chocolate{
                //your configuration for chocolate flavor with debug buildType
            }
        }
    }