Visual Studio 搜索两个最大的数字-最大的和第二大的C++

axzmvihb 于 2022-11-17 发布在其他

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我是C++的初学者，我有一个偶然发现的家庭作业。我必须找到最大和第二大的数**，不使用数组或向量**，只使用if或while语句。如果有人告诉我如何做，我会非常高兴。：）
这是我的程序到目前为止（我设法找到最大和最小）
`

std::cout << "Insert five numbers: " << std::endl;
    int num1{};
    int num2{};
    int num3{};
    int num4{};
    int num5{};
    std::cin >> num1 >> num2 >> num3 >> num4 >> num5;
    std::cout << '\n';
    
    // Find the largest number : 
    if ((num1 > num2) && (num1 > num3) && (num1 > num4) && (num1 > num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number One " << "(" << (num1)<< ")" << " is the largest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num2 > num1) && (num2 > num3) && (num2 > num4) && (num2 > num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Two " << "(" << (num2) << ")" << "is the largest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num3 > num1) && (num3 > num2) && (num3 > num4) && (num3 > num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Three" << "(" << (num3) << ")" << " is the largest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num4 > num1) && (num4 > num2) && (num4 > num3) && (num4 > num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Four" << "(" << (num4) << ")" << " is the largest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num5 > num1) && (num5 > num2) && (num5 > num3) && (num5 > num4))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Five" << "(" << (num5) << ")" << " is the largest number !" << std::endl;
    }

    //Find the smallest number :
    if ((num1 < num2) && (num1 < num3) && (num1 < num4) && (num1 < num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number One" << "(" << (num1) << ")" << " is the smallest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num2 < num1) && (num2 < num3) && (num2 < num4) && (num2 < num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Two" << "(" << (num2) << ")" << " is the smallest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num3 < num1) && (num3 < num2) && (num3 < num4) && (num3 < num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Three" << "(" << (num3) << ")" << " is the smallest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num4 < num1) && (num4 < num2) && (num4 < num3) && (num4 < num5))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Four" << "(" << (num4) << ")" << " is the smallest number !" << std::endl;
    }
    if ((num5 < num1) && (num5 < num2) && (num5 < num3) && (num5 < num4))
    {
        std::cout << "Number Five" << "(" << (num5) << ")" << " is the smallest number !" << std::endl;
    }

`

visual-studio

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/74388682/search-for-2-of-the-largest-numbers-the-largest-and-the-one-next-to-largest-c

1条答案

按热度按时间

uwopmtnx1#

你可以保持最大值和第二个最大值沿着你读你的输入数字。
我已经开始阅读循环外的第一个数字，并将max_n设置为它，因为它简化了循环内的代码。
注意，while (counter--)会在循环开始时检查counter，如果counter为非零值，则进入循环，然后递减它。因此，在循环结束时，你将阅读counter数字（4）。
Demo(https://godbolt.org/z/9zr7rjv4a)

#include <iostream>
#include <limits>

int main() {
    std::cout << "Insert five numbers: \n";
    constexpr auto min_int{ std::numeric_limits<int>::min() };
    int max_n{ min_int };
    int second_max_n{ min_int };    
    std::cin >> max_n;  // set max_n to first number
    int counter { 4 };  // then read the other 4
    while (counter--) {
        int n{};
        std::cin >> n;
        if (n > max_n) {  // a new max is found, update both max and second max
            second_max_n = max_n;
            max_n = n;
        } else if (n != max_n and n > second_max_n) {  // maybe a new second max?
            second_max_n = n;
        }
    }
    std::cout << "max: " << max_n << ", second max: " << second_max_n;
}

// Input: 75 0 100 -50 100
// Output: max: 100, second max: 75

代码会发现第二大的数与最大的数不同。如果要让这两个数相同，就应该去掉else if中的n != max_n比较。
Demo(https://godbolt.org/z/ovbe5xhv5)

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Visual Studio 搜索两个最大的数字-最大的和第二大的C++

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