重新审视Jenkins文档：-
我发现两个参数必须为true，才能让已触发作业的状态影响管道

propagate : boolean (optional)
If enabled (default state), then the result of this step is that of the downstream build (e.g., success, unstable, failure, not built, or aborted). If disabled, then this step succeeds even if the downstream build is unstable, failed, etc.; use the result property of the return value as needed.

wait : boolean (optional)
If true, the pipeline will wait for the result of the build step before jumping to the next step. Defaults to true.

我的最终代码，即（SCM结帐工作）：-

build job: 'FrontEnd_Checkout', wait: true, propagate: true, parameters: [string(name: 'BRANCH_NAME', value: "${env.frontend_branch}")]