我是Python和PyCharm的新手。我在OSX High Sierra上运行。
我已经在PyCharm中创建了一个使用lxml的项目。我已经安装了lxml 4.1.1作为项目依赖项，并且可以在myProject/venv/lib/site-package/lxml下看到它的文件
我可以从PyCharm中运行我的脚本，没有问题，但是我无法构建包含lxml库的可执行文件。
我从命令行使用pyinstaller 3.3.1，项目会构建，但是当我运行可执行文件时，我得到的输出是：
Traceback (most recent call last): File "analyze.py", line 13, in ImportError: No module named lxml [4222] Failed to execute script analyze
我一直在寻找一些命令行开关，告诉pyinstaller在venv目录下包含依赖项，但没有找到。
任何帮助都将不胜感激...
下面是我的构建命令和输出：

pyinstaller --clean --onefile analyze.py
51 INFO: PyInstaller: 3.3.1
51 INFO: Python: 2.7.10
60 INFO: Platform: Darwin-17.4.0-x86_64-i386-64bit
60 INFO: wrote /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.spec
66 INFO: UPX is not available.
66 INFO: Removing temporary files and cleaning cache in /Users/gludwig/Library/Application Support/pyinstaller
76 INFO: Extending PYTHONPATH with paths
['/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer',
 '/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer']
76 INFO: checking Analysis
76 INFO: Building Analysis because out00-Analysis.toc is non existent
76 INFO: Initializing module dependency graph...
79 INFO: Initializing module graph hooks...
130 INFO: running Analysis out00-Analysis.toc
138 INFO: Caching module hooks...
141 INFO: Analyzing /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.py
2363 INFO: Loading module hooks...
2364 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-httplib.py"...
2364 INFO: Loading module hook "hook-encodings.py"...
2874 INFO: Looking for ctypes DLLs
2874 INFO: Analyzing run-time hooks ...
2879 INFO: Looking for dynamic libraries
2995 INFO: Looking for eggs
2995 INFO: Using Python library /System/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/Python
2996 INFO: Warnings written to /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/warnanalyze.txt
3009 INFO: Graph cross-reference written to /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/xref-analyze.html
3087 INFO: checking PYZ
3087 INFO: Building PYZ because out00-PYZ.toc is non existent
3087 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/out00-PYZ.pyz
3331 INFO: Building PYZ (ZlibArchive) /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/build/analyze/out00-PYZ.pyz completed successfully.
3403 INFO: checking PKG
3403 INFO: Building PKG because out00-PKG.toc is non existent
3403 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg
5669 INFO: Building PKG (CArchive) out00-PKG.pkg completed successfully.
5685 INFO: Bootloader /Users/gludwig/Library/Python/2.7/lib/python/site-packages/PyInstaller/bootloader/Darwin-64bit/run
5685 INFO: checking EXE
5685 INFO: Building EXE because out00-EXE.toc is non existent
5685 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc
5686 INFO: Appending archive to EXE /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/dist/analyze
5703 INFO: Fixing EXE for code signing /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/dist/analyze
5716 INFO: Building EXE from out00-EXE.toc completed successfully.

此外，pyinstaller在构建时会生成一个警告文件，它包含以下内容：

missing module named org - imported by copy
missing module named _sha512 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _sha256 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _md5 - imported by hashlib
missing module named _sha - imported by hashlib
missing module named 'org.python' - imported by pickle
missing module named _subprocess - imported by subprocess
missing module named msvcrt - imported by subprocess, getpass
missing module named riscosenviron - imported by os
missing module named riscospath - imported by os
missing module named riscos - imported by os
missing module named ce - imported by os
missing module named _emx_link - imported by os
missing module named os2 - imported by os
missing module named nt - imported by os, ntpath
missing module named _winreg - imported by mimetypes, urllib
missing module named OverrideFrom23 - imported by Carbon.Res
missing module named SOCKS - imported by ftplib
missing module named rourl2path - imported by urllib
missing module named lxml - imported by /Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/analyze.py

我也尝试过以这种方式为pyinstaller提供venv中的库条目的路径：
pyi-makespec --paths=~/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer \ paths=~/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/venv/lib/python2.7/sitepackages/lxml analyze.py pyinstaller --onefile analyze.py
这没有帮助。

3条答案

按热度按时间

oprakyz71#

乔治给我的答案让我找到了正确的方向，但我选择了另一条路
我使用了--paths命令行选项（请参阅here）来指示site-packages目录的位置，这为我解决了这个问题。

path\to\pyinstaller.exe --onefile --paths path\to\venv\Lib\site-packages file.py

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2022-11-23

rqmkfv5c2#

终于解决了，在这里发帖给其他同病相怜的人：
在使用virtualenv时，如果您想进行构建，则必须添加环境变量PYTHONPATH，以指向virtualenv目录的site-packages目录。

PYTHONPATH="/Users/gludwig/PycharmProjects/XML_Analyzer/venv/lib/python2.7/site-packages"
export PYTHONPATH

为了方便起见，我将其添加到由virtualenv创建的activate文件中，以便在激活virtualenv时自动设置它。我还将“unset PYTHONPATH”添加到deactivate部分。
如果在virtualenv设置环境时自动完成此操作，将非常有帮助！

hjzp0vay3#

如果使用等级库文件，可以按如下方式添加：

a = Analysis(['myscript.py'],
             pathex=['.', ".\\path_to_libs", ".\\bla\\path_to_libs2"],
             hiddenimports=['pywinusb','CLogReport','otherLib'],
             ... )

如果您有多个文件和/或来自不同的路径，这将非常有用。

pycharm 如何在运行pyinstaller时包含来自venv目录的依赖项？

3条答案

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