您可以使用RSQLite套件。
一些示例代码将整个数据存储在data.frame中：

library("RSQLite")

## connect to db
con <- dbConnect(drv=RSQLite::SQLite(), dbname="YOURSQLITEFILE")

## list all tables
tables <- dbListTables(con)

## exclude sqlite_sequence (contains table information)
tables <- tables[tables != "sqlite_sequence"]

lDataFrames <- vector("list", length=length(tables))

## create a data.frame for each table
for (i in seq(along=tables)) {
  lDataFrames[[i]] <- dbGetQuery(conn=con, statement=paste("SELECT * FROM '", tables[[i]], "'", sep=""))
}

对于其他看到这篇文章的人来说，使用purr库从顶部答案开始循环的一个好方法是：

lDataFrames <- map(tables, ~{
  dbGetQuery(conn=con, statement=paste("SELECT * FROM '", .x, "'", sep=""))
})

也就意味着你不用做：

lDataFrames <- vector("list", length=length(tables))

将sgibb和primaj的答案放在一起，命名表，并添加工具以检索所有表或特定表：

getDatabaseTables <- function(dbname="YOURSQLITEFILE", tableName=NULL){
  library("RSQLite")
  con <- dbConnect(drv=RSQLite::SQLite(), dbname=dbname) # connect to db
  tables <- dbListTables(con) # list all table names

  if (is.null(tableName)){
    # get all tables
    lDataFrames <- map(tables, ~{ dbGetQuery(conn=con, statement=paste("SELECT * FROM '", .x, "'", sep="")) })
    # name tables
    names(lDataFrames) <- tables
    return (lDataFrames)
  }
  else{
    # get specific table
    return(dbGetQuery(conn=con, statement=paste("SELECT * FROM '", tableName, "'", sep="")))
  }
}

# get all tables
lDataFrames <- getDatabaseTables(dbname="YOURSQLITEFILE")

# get specific table
df <- getDatabaseTables(dbname="YOURSQLITEFILE", tableName="YOURTABLE")