Windows:如何将文件规范化到特殊文件夹?

aamkag61  于 2022-11-26  发布在  Windows
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我想为用户保存一些文件名(例如最近的文件)。
让我们使用六个示例文件:

  • c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\Budget.xls
  • c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
  • c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\Application Data\uTorrent
  • c:\Documents & Settings\All Users\Application Data\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
  • c:\Develop\readme.txt
  • c:\Program Files\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

我现在硬编码到特殊文件夹的路径。如果用户重定向他们的文件夹,漫游到另一台计算机,或者升级他们的操作系统,路径将被破坏:
我想成为一名优秀的开发人员,并将这些硬编码的 * 绝对 * 路径转换为适当特殊文件夹中的 * 相对 * 路径:

  • %CSIDL_Personal%\Budget.xls
  • %CSIDL_MyPictures%\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
  • %CSIDL_AppData%\uTorrent
  • %CSIDL_Common_AppData%\Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
  • c:\Develop\readme.txt
  • %CSIDL_Program_Files%\Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

困难在于同一个文件可能有多种表示,例如:

  • c:\Documents & Settings\Ian\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
  • %CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
  • %CSIDL_Personal%\My Pictures\Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
  • x1米15英寸

另请注意,在Windows XP**中,“我的图片”存储在My Documents中:

%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\My Documents\My Pictures

但在Vista/7上,它们是分开的:

%CSIDL_Profile%\Documents
%CSIDL_Profile%\Pictures

**注意:**我意识到语法%CSIDL_xxx%\filename.ext是无效的; Windows不会像扩展环境字符串那样扩展这些关键字。我只是用它来问这个问题。在内部,我显然会以其他方式存储这些项,也许是CSIDLparent 和路径的尾部,例如:

CSIDL_Personal         \Budget.xls
 CSIDL_MyPictures       \Daughter's Winning Goal.jpg
 CSIDL_AppData          \uTorrent
 CSIDL_Common_AppData   \Consonto\SpellcheckDictionary.dat
 -1                     c:\Develop\readme.txt   (-1, since 0 is a valid csidl)
 CSIDL_Program_Files    \Adobe\Reader\WhatsNew.txt

问题变成了,如何尽可能多地使用相对于规范的特殊文件夹的路径?
我在想:

void CanonicalizeSpecialPath(String path, ref CSLID cslid, ref String relativePath)
{
   return "todo";
}

另请参阅

bttbmeg0

bttbmeg01#

我想您可以找出CSIDL如何Map到路径(使用类似SHGetKnownFolderPath的方法),为它们建立一个反向字典,然后检查要存储的路径的开头是否与字典中的任何键匹配,然后删除开头并存储匹配的CSIDL。
不是公开的优雅,但它应该得到的工作完成。

guicsvcw

guicsvcw2#

function CanonicalizeSpecialPath(const path: string): string;
var
    s: string;
    BestPrefix: string;
    BestCSIDL: Integer;
    i: Integer;
begin
    BestPrefix := ''; //Start with no csidl being the one
    BestCSIDL := 0;

    //Iterate over the csidls i know about today for Windows XP.    
    for i := Low(csidls) to High(csidls) do
    begin
       //Get the path of this csidl. If the OS doesn't understand it, it returns blank
       s := GetSpecialFolderPath(0, i, False);
       if s = '' then
          Continue;

       //Don't do a string search unless this candidate is larger than what we have
       if (BestPrefix='') or (Length(s) > Length(BestPrefix)) then
       begin
          //The special path must be at the start of our string
          if Pos(s, Path) = 1 then //1=start
          begin
             //This is the best csidl we have so far
             BestPrefix := s;
             BestCSIDL := i;
          end;
       end;
    end;

    //If we found nothing useful, then return the original string
    if BestPrefix = '' then
    begin
       Result := Path;
       Exit;
    end;

    {
       Return the canonicalized path as pseudo-environment string, e.g.:

           %CSIDL_PERSONAL%\4th quarter.xls
    }
    Result := '%'+CsidlToStr(BestCSIDL)+'%'+Copy(Path, Length(BestPrefix)+1, MaxInt);
end;

然后还有一个功能,可以“扩展”特殊环境关键字:

function ExpandSpecialPath(const path: string): string;
begin
   ...
end;

其展开:

%CSIDL_PERSONAL%\4th quarter.xls

进入

\\RoamingProfileServ\Users\ian\My Documents\4th quarter.xls

它通过在字符串的开头查找%xx%并展开它来实现。

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