在下面的示例中，我使用Element.insertAdjacentHTML()和Element.insertAdjacentElement()插入新单元格。

Sub Example()
    Dim IE As InternetExplorer
    Dim HTMLdoc As HTMLDocument
    Dim TRelements As IHTMLElementCollection
    Dim TRelement As HTMLTableCell
    Dim r As Long
    Set IE = New InternetExplorer
    With IE
        .navigate filePath
        While .Busy Or .readyState <> READYSTATE_COMPLETE: DoEvents: Wend
        Set HTMLdoc = .document
    End With        
    
    Set TRelements = HTMLdoc.getElementsByTagName("TR")
    Dim TR As HTMLTableRow
    Set TR = TRelements(0)
    TR.insertAdjacentHTML "afterbegin", "<TH>DOB</TH>"
    
    Dim TD As HTMLTableCell
    Set TD = HTMLdoc.createElement("TD")
    
    Set TR = TRelements(1)
    TD.innerText = "09-07-58"
    TR.insertAdjacentElement "afterbegin", TD
    
    IE.Visible = True
End Sub

此子例程将更新原始文件。

Sub OverWriteHTMLDocument(Document As HTMLDocument, FilePath As String)
    Rem VBA OpenTextFile: https://analystcave.com/vba-filesystemobject-fso-in-excel/vba-opentextfile/
    
    Const ForReading = 1, ForWriting = 2, ForAppending = 8 'Need to define constants manually
    Const TristateUseDefault = -2, TristateTrue = -1, TristateFalse = 0 'Need to define constants manually
    Dim Url As String
    Url = Replace(Document.Url, "file://", "", , , vbTextCompare)
    With CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject").OpenTextFile(Url, ForWriting, True, TristateFalse)
        .WriteLine Document.DocumentElement.outerHTML
        .Close
    End With
   
End Sub