您可以尝试使用CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex和CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex来调整作为jpeg图像的NSData对象的大小，而不会丢失EXIF。
我的灵感来自Problem setting exif data for an image
下面是我为同样目的编写的代码。
干杯

+ (NSData *)JPEGRepresentationSavedMetadataWithImage:(NSData *)imageData compressionQuality:(CGFloat)compressionQuality maxSize:(CGFloat)maxSize
{
  CGImageSourceRef source = CGImageSourceCreateWithData((__bridge CFDataRef)imageData, NULL);

  CFDictionaryRef options = (__bridge CFDictionaryRef)@{(id)kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailWithTransform: (id)kCFBooleanTrue,
                                                        (id)kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailFromImageIfAbsent: (id)kCFBooleanTrue,
                                                        (id)kCGImageSourceThumbnailMaxPixelSize: [NSNumber numberWithDouble: maxSize], // The maximum width and height in pixels of a thumbnail
                                                        (id)kCGImageDestinationLossyCompressionQuality: [NSNumber numberWithDouble:compressionQuality]};
  CGImageRef thumbnail = CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex(source, 0, options); // Create scaled image

  CFStringRef UTI = kUTTypeJPEG;
  NSMutableData *destData = [NSMutableData data];
  CGImageDestinationRef destination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithData((__bridge CFMutableDataRef)destData, UTI, 1, NULL);
  if (!destination) {
    NSLog(@"Failed to create image destination");
  }
  CGImageDestinationAddImage(destination, thumbnail, CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(source, 0, NULL)); // copy all metadata in source to destination
  if (!CGImageDestinationFinalize(destination)) {
    NSLog(@"Failed to create data from image destination");
  }

  CFRelease(destination);
  CFRelease(source);
  CFRelease(thumbnail);

  return [destData copy];
}

我也遇到了同样的问题，现在我可以上传文件与EXIF数据，也可以压缩照片，如果需要它，这为我解决了问题：

// Get your image.
NSURL *url = @"http://somewebsite.com/path/to/some/image.jpg";
UIImage *loImgPhoto = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:url];

// Get your metadata (includes the EXIF data).
CGImageSourceRef loImageOriginalSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithData(( CFDataRef) loDataFotoOriginal, NULL);
NSDictionary *loDicMetadata = (__bridge NSDictionary *) CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(loImageOriginalSource, 0, NULL);

// Set your compression quality (0.0 to 1.0).
NSMutableDictionary *loDicMutableMetadata = [loDicMetadata mutableCopy];
[loDicMutableMetadata setObject:@(lfCompressionQualityValue) forKey:(__bridge NSString *)kCGImageDestinationLossyCompressionQuality];

// Create an image destination.
NSMutableData *loNewImageDataWithExif = [NSMutableData data];
CGImageDestinationRef loImgDestination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithData((__bridge CFMutableDataRef)loNewImageDataWithExif, CGImageSourceGetType(loImageOriginalSource), 1, NULL);

// Add your image to the destination.
CGImageDestinationAddImage(loImgDestination, loImgPhoto.CGImage, (__bridge CFDictionaryRef) loDicMutableMetadata);

// Finalize the destination.
if (CGImageDestinationFinalize(loImgDestination))
   {
       NSLog(@"Successful image creation.");                   
       // process the image rendering, adjustment data creation and finalize the asset edit.

       //Upload photo with EXIF metadata
       [self myUploadMethod:loNewImageDataWithExif];

    }
    else
    {
          NSLog(@"Error -> failed to finalize the image.");                         
    }

CFRelease(loImageOriginalSource);
CFRelease(loImgDestination);

支持Greener Chen的答案，但这是我在Swift 3中实现它的方式。

• 我的函数接受一个jpeg缓冲区并返回一个jpeg缓冲区。它还检查是否需要调整大小（检查源代码的最大尺寸），如果这里没有什么可做的，就返回输入缓冲区。您可能需要适应您的用例
• 我不认为你可以设置一个目标属性，如kCGImageDestinationLossyCompressionQuality到CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex()，这是一个CGImageSource函数-但从来没有尝试过。
• 请注意，通过将相关密钥（kCGImageDestinationLossyCompressionQuality）作为CGImageDestinationAddImage的一个选项添加到保留的源元数据集，可将压缩添加到目标映像
• 最初让我感到困惑的是，尽管我们为调整大小后的目标映像提供了完整的源映像元数据，但CGImageDestinationAddImage()非常聪明，可以忽略任何维度数据（W+H），并自动替换为正确的，调整大小的图像，尺寸。所以PixelHeight，PixelWidth（“根”元数据）& PixelXDimension & PixelYDimension（EXIF）不会从源中继承，并且会正确设置为调整大小后的图像尺寸。

class func resizeImage(imageData: Data, maxResolution: Int, compression: CGFloat) -> Data? {
        
    // create image source from jpeg data
    if let myImageSource = CGImageSourceCreateWithData(imageData as CFData, nil) {
            
      // get source properties so we retain metadata (EXIF) for the downsized image
      if var metaData = CGImageSourceCopyPropertiesAtIndex(myImageSource,0, nil) as? [String:Any],
          let width = metaData[kCGImagePropertyPixelWidth as String] as? Int, let height = metaData[kCGImagePropertyPixelHeight as String] as? Int {
                
              let srcMaxResolution = max(width, height)
                
              // if max resolution is exceeded, then scale image to new resolution
              if srcMaxResolution >= maxResolution {
                  let scaleOptions  = [ kCGImageSourceThumbnailMaxPixelSize as String : maxResolution,
                                          kCGImageSourceCreateThumbnailFromImageAlways as String : true] as [String : Any]
                    
                  if let scaledImage = CGImageSourceCreateThumbnailAtIndex(myImageSource, 0, scaleOptions as CFDictionary) {
                        
                        // add compression ratio to desitnation options
                        metaData[kCGImageDestinationLossyCompressionQuality as String] = compression
                        
                        //create new jpeg
                        let newImageData = NSMutableData()
                        if let cgImageDestination = CGImageDestinationCreateWithData(newImageData, "public.jpeg" as CFString, 1, nil) {
                            
                            CGImageDestinationAddImage(cgImageDestination, scaledImage, metaData as CFDictionary)
                            CGImageDestinationFinalize(cgImageDestination)
                            
                            return newImageData as Data
                        }
                        
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        
        return nil
    }
}

您可以使用ExifTool之类的公用程式来删除并还原EXIF。这是一个跨平台的指令行公用程式。以下是执行您想要的作业的适当指令。
要删除EXIF：
exiftool -exif=图像. jpg
若要在编辑图像后再次恢复EXIF：
exiftool -文件中的标签image.jpg_original -exifimage.jpg
在本例中，我利用了ExifTool自动生成的“_original”备份。