我正在构建一个将matplotlib图形嵌入GUI的应用程序。问题是，只要我从matplotlib向代码中添加任何内容（除了导入，这些内容照常工作），我的应用程序就会崩溃。问题发生在我的类Solver_App中的tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)。当我运行代码时，我会得到一个严重的错误，应用程序崩溃。以下是我的一些代码：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk

import matplotlib
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure

# Setting up figures for integration in GUI:
fig_3D = plt.figure()
fig_2D = plt.figure()
a_3D = fig_3D.add_subplot(111, projection="3d")
a_2D = fig_2D.add_subplot(111)
a_3D.plot_wireframe([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 3, 7, 6, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], color="blue")

class Solver_App(tk.Tk, ttk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):

        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)  # This is where the app crashes.

        # Equation frame holds everything related to the input and configuration of the equations.
        equation_frame = ttk.Frame(self)
        equation_frame.pack(side="bottom", fill="x", pady=50, padx=50)

        # More code goes here...

# There are more classes with a similar setup as the one above...

app = Solver_App()
app.mainloop()

下面是我在运行代码时遇到的严重错误：

2015-08-14 15:18:29.142 Python[50796:18837594] -[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830
2015-08-14 15:18:29.143 Python[50796:18837594] An uncaught exception was raised
2015-08-14 15:18:29.143 Python[50796:18837594] -[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830
2015-08-14 15:18:29.144 Python[50796:18837594] (
    0   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff9901b03c __exceptionPreprocess + 172
    1   libobjc.A.dylib                     0x00007fff9436476e objc_exception_throw + 43
    2   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff9901e0ad -[NSObject(NSObject) doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 205
    3   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff98f63e24 ___forwarding___ + 1028
    4   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff98f63998 _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 120
    5   Tk                                  0x00000001024ad527 TkpInit + 476
    6   Tk                                  0x0000000102427aca Tk_Init + 1788
    7   _tkinter.so                         0x00000001006e5f2d Tcl_AppInit + 77
    8   _tkinter.so                         0x00000001006e30d6 Tkinter_Create + 934
    9   Python                              0x00000001000e44ce PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 28894
    10  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    11  Python                              0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
    12  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    13  Python                              0x00000001000e0cb9 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 14537
    14  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    15  Python                              0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
    16  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    17  Python                              0x000000010002802c method_call + 140
    18  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    19  Python                              0x000000010007b831 slot_tp_init + 81
    20  Python                              0x0000000100072d14 type_call + 212
    21  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    22  Python                              0x00000001000e1b09 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 18201
    23  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    24  Python                              0x00000001000e5daf PyEval_EvalCode + 63
    25  Python                              0x000000010011048e PyRun_FileExFlags + 206
    26  Python                              0x000000010011083d PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags + 717
    27  Python                              0x000000010012810e Py_Main + 3262
    28  Python                              0x0000000100000e32 Python + 3634
    29  Python                              0x0000000100000c84 Python + 3204
    30  ???                                 0x0000000000000002 0x0 + 2
)
2015-08-14 15:18:29.144 Python[50796:18837594] *** Terminating app due to uncaught exception 'NSInvalidArgumentException', reason: '-[NSApplication _setup:]: unrecognized selector sent to instance 0x10216a830'
*** First throw call stack:
(
    0   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff9901b03c __exceptionPreprocess + 172
    1   libobjc.A.dylib                     0x00007fff9436476e objc_exception_throw + 43
    2   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff9901e0ad -[NSObject(NSObject) doesNotRecognizeSelector:] + 205
    3   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff98f63e24 ___forwarding___ + 1028
    4   CoreFoundation                      0x00007fff98f63998 _CF_forwarding_prep_0 + 120
    5   Tk                                  0x00000001024ad527 TkpInit + 476
    6   Tk                                  0x0000000102427aca Tk_Init + 1788
    7   _tkinter.so                         0x00000001006e5f2d Tcl_AppInit + 77
    8   _tkinter.so                         0x00000001006e30d6 Tkinter_Create + 934
    9   Python                              0x00000001000e44ce PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 28894
    10  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    11  Python                              0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
    12  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    13  Python                              0x00000001000e0cb9 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 14537
    14  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    15  Python                              0x000000010003e8ba function_call + 186
    16  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    17  Python                              0x000000010002802c method_call + 140
    18  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    19  Python                              0x000000010007b831 slot_tp_init + 81
    20  Python                              0x0000000100072d14 type_call + 212
    21  Python                              0x000000010000d3c8 PyObject_Call + 104
    22  Python                              0x00000001000e1b09 PyEval_EvalFrameEx + 18201
    23  Python                              0x00000001000e5ced PyEval_EvalCodeEx + 2349
    24  Python                              0x00000001000e5daf PyEval_EvalCode + 63
    25  Python                              0x000000010011048e PyRun_FileExFlags + 206
    26  Python                              0x000000010011083d PyRun_SimpleFileExFlags + 717
    27  Python                              0x000000010012810e Py_Main + 3262
    28  Python                              0x0000000100000e32 Python + 3634
    29  Python                              0x0000000100000c84 Python + 3204
    30  ???                                 0x0000000000000002 0x0 + 2
)
libc++abi.dylib: terminating with uncaught exception of type NSException

我一直在参考教程中的代码[在这里找到]（http://pythonprogramming.net/how-to-embed-matplotlib-graph-tkinter-gui/“如何将Matplotlib图形嵌入到您的Tkinter GUI中”），但他们的示例似乎工作正常。是什么导致了这个问题，如何修复它？

我使用的是Python 3.4和matplotlib 1.4.3，运行的是Mac OS约塞米蒂。

导入matplotlib.pyplot后，设置以下内容：

plt.rcParams['keymap.quit'] = ''

这样可以避免绘图中断时产生混乱。但只能使用“软”退出，即使用代码（键盘/鼠标事件等）。如果通过单击“退出”按钮（“X”）关闭图形（窗口），则不能解决“混乱”问题。（这仍有待解决...我还没有！）
示例：

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

def keypress(e):
  global animation
  animation = False

plt.connect('key_press_event', keypress)
plt.rcParams['keymap.quit'] = '' # This will avoid mess if plotting is interrupted!

animation = True

delay = 0.5; animation = True
for i in range(1,10):
  if not animation: break
  y = np.random.normal(loc=0.5, scale=0.4, size=1000)
  plt.plot(y)
  plt.pause(delay)

在动画播放过程中，按下任意键都将使其平滑停止。

7条答案

按热度按时间

rjjhvcjd1#

你需要显式地设置TkAgg后端。我可以重现你的bug。用下面的代码，问题就解决了。

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")  # NOTE: import order matters
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

请注意，在导入pyplot * 之后 * 设置TkAgg后端也不起作用;它也崩溃了。你需要在导入pyplot之前设置它。（用MPL 1.4.3，tkinter.TkVersion 8.6测试）

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2022-12-02

hgc7kmma2#

如果不想编辑代码，可以使用设置matplotlib正在阅读的以下环境变量：

MPLBACKEND=TkAgg

这样，无论何时导入pyplot，它都将工作

1qczuiv03#

这将避免在绘图中断时造成混乱。这对我很有效。

uajslkp64#

bq8i3lrv5#

@DonCristobal的回答帮助了我，因此我试图向上投票或添加评论，但stackoverflow阻止我这样做，引用某些点，我必须达到之前，我可以评论或向上投票。@DonCristobal建议的解决方案工作，我的配置如下：
Mac catalina, python 3.6 & matplotlib 3.0.3
我是这样做的-
已修改

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

至

import matplotlib

matplotlib.use("TkAgg")

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

1szpjjfi6#

我仍然遇到以下崩溃：

import matplotlib
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np

x = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 400)
y = np.sin(x ** 2)

f = plt.figure()
plt.plot(x, y)
f.show()
plt.pause(0.0001)

出现带有sin的窗口，然后内核冻结。Windows 10 with Anaconda3

kqqjbcuj7#

一旦我更新到最新的Python环境（3.8.2），这个错误就消失了，不需要使用matplotlib.use（“TkAgg”）。

python Matplotlib使tkinter应用程序崩溃

7条答案

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