是的，使用Tasks Shell Input Extension是可能的。它提供了一个可以返回shell命令结果的vscode命令。
工作区的相关部分如下所示。

"launch": {
    "configurations": [
        {
            ...
            "processId": "${input:FindVivadoPID}",
            ...
        }
    ],
    "inputs": [
        {
          "id": "FindVivadoPID",
          "type": "command",
          "command": "shellCommand.execute",
          "args": {
            "command": "pgrep 'ecold.*lnx64.g/vivado' -f",
            "description": "Select your Vivado PID",
            "useFirstResult": true,
          }
        }
    ]
}

每当我运行Start Debugging时，它都会自动找到相关的进程并进行连接。
This Stack Overflow问题更一般地讨论扩展。

如果您可以使用LLDB，但Shell输入扩展由于某种原因不能正常工作，则您的程序还可以使用调试信息调用Visual Studio代码，以要求它按此处所述进行连接。
rust eclipse ：

#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
{
    let url = format!("vscode://vadimcn.vscode-lldb/launch/config?{{'request':'attach','pid':{}}}", std::process::id());
    std::process::Command::new("code").arg("--open-url").arg(url).output().unwrap();
    std::thread::sleep_ms(1000); // Wait for debugger to attach
}

丙：

char command[256];
snprintf(command, sizeof(command), "code --open-url \"vscode://vadimcn.vscode-lldb/launch/config?{'request':'attach','pid':%d}\"", getpid());
system(command);
sleep(1); // Wait for debugger to attach

或者将以下内容添加到launch.json：

// This waits a second and calls VS code to attach lldb
    "preLaunchTask": "Attach LLDB Later"

然后将以下内容添加到tasks.json：

{
    "label": "Attach LLDB Later",
    "type": "shell",
    "command": "/bin/bash",
    // Called from a preLaunchTask.  First wait for it to start up.
    // Then call VS code and tell it to attach with the LLDB debugger.
    "args": ["-c", "echo Waiting for launch...;sleep 2; code --open-url \"vscode://vadimcn.vscode-lldb/launch/config?{\\\"request\\\":\\\"attach\\\",\\\"pid\\\":$(pgrep --full --newest godot.\\*remote-debug)}\";echo LLDB attached."],
    "isBackground": true,
    // All this is needed so VSCode doesn't complain about the background task.
    "problemMatcher": [
        {
        "pattern": [
            {
            "regexp": ".",
            "file": 1,
            "location": 2,
            "message": 3
            }
        ],
        "background": {
            "activeOnStart": true,
            "beginsPattern": ".",
            "endsPattern": ".",
        }
        }
    ]
},

但是更改“pgrep --full --newsgodot.*remote-debug”来搜索您的进程。我使用它在同一个Godot可执行文件上同时调试两种语言。带有GDScript调试器和Tasks Shell Input Extension的Compound Launch试图同时启动两个调试器，并且直到配置了LLDB启动之后才启动我想要的PID的可执行文件。后台preLaunchTask修复了这个问题。