tensorflow 资源耗尽错误:无法分配内存[Op:AddV2]

bakd9h0s  于 2022-12-04  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(4)|浏览(498)

嗨,我是一个初学者在DL和tensorflow ,
我创建了一个CNN(你可以看到下面的模型)

model = tf.keras.Sequential()

model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=64, kernel_size=7, activation="relu", input_shape=[512, 640, 3]))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=128, kernel_size=3, activation="relu"))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=128, kernel_size=3, activation="relu"))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=256, kernel_size=3, activation="relu"))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Conv2D(filters=256, kernel_size=3, activation="relu"))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.MaxPooling2D(2))

model.add(tf.keras.layers.Flatten())
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(64, activation='relu'))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dropout(0.5))
model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(2, activation='softmax'))

optimizer = tf.keras.optimizers.SGD(learning_rate=0.2) #, momentum=0.9, decay=0.1)
model.compile(optimizer=optimizer, loss='mse', metrics=['accuracy'])

我试着用cpu来构建和训练它,它成功地完成了(但是非常慢),所以我决定安装tensorflow-gpu。按照https://www.tensorflow.org/install/gpu中的指示安装所有的东西)。
但现在,当我试图构建模型时,出现了以下错误:

> Traceback (most recent call last):   File
> "C:/Users/thano/Documents/Py_workspace/AI_tensorflow/fire_detection/main.py",
> line 63, in <module>
>     model = create_models.model1()   File "C:\Users\thano\Documents\Py_workspace\AI_tensorflow\fire_detection\create_models.py",
> line 20, in model1
>     model.add(tf.keras.layers.Dense(128, activation='relu'))   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\training\tracking\base.py",
> line 530, in _method_wrapper
>     result = method(self, *args, **kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\sequential.py", line 217,
> in add
>     output_tensor = layer(self.outputs[0])   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 977,
> in __call__
>     input_list)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 1115,
> in _functional_construction_call
>     inputs, input_masks, args, kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 848,
> in _keras_tensor_symbolic_call
>     return self._infer_output_signature(inputs, args, kwargs, input_masks)   File
> "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 886,
> in _infer_output_signature
>     self._maybe_build(inputs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 2659,
> in _maybe_build
>     self.build(input_shapes)  # pylint:disable=not-callable   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\layers\core.py", line 1185, in
> build
>     trainable=True)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer.py", line 663,
> in add_weight
>     caching_device=caching_device)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\training\tracking\base.py",
> line 818, in _add_variable_with_custom_getter
>     **kwargs_for_getter)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\engine\base_layer_utils.py", line
> 129, in make_variable
>     shape=variable_shape if variable_shape else None)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\variables.py",
> line 266, in __call__
>     return cls._variable_v1_call(*args, **kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\variables.py",
> line 227, in _variable_v1_call
>     shape=shape)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\variables.py",
> line 205, in <lambda>
>     previous_getter = lambda **kwargs: default_variable_creator(None, **kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\variable_scope.py",
> line 2626, in default_variable_creator
>     shape=shape)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\variables.py",
> line 270, in __call__
>     return super(VariableMetaclass, cls).__call__(*args, **kwargs)   File
> "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\resource_variable_ops.py",
> line 1613, in __init__
>     distribute_strategy=distribute_strategy)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\resource_variable_ops.py",
> line 1740, in _init_from_args
>     initial_value = initial_value()   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\initializers\initializers_v2.py",
> line 517, in __call__
>     return self._random_generator.random_uniform(shape, -limit, limit, dtype)   File
> "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\keras\initializers\initializers_v2.py",
> line 973, in random_uniform
>     shape=shape, minval=minval, maxval=maxval, dtype=dtype, seed=self.seed)   File
> "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\util\dispatch.py",
> line 206, in wrapper
>     return target(*args, **kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\random_ops.py",
> line 315, in random_uniform
>     result = math_ops.add(result * (maxval - minval), minval, name=name)   File
> "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\util\dispatch.py",
> line 206, in wrapper
>     return target(*args, **kwargs)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\math_ops.py",
> line 3943, in add
>     return gen_math_ops.add_v2(x, y, name=name)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\ops\gen_math_ops.py",
> line 454, in add_v2
>     _ops.raise_from_not_ok_status(e, name)   File "C:\Python37\lib\site-packages\tensorflow\python\framework\ops.py",
> line 6941, in raise_from_not_ok_status
>     six.raise_from(core._status_to_exception(e.code, message), None)   File "<string>", line 3, in raise_from
> tensorflow.python.framework.errors_impl.ResourceExhaustedError: failed
> to allocate memory [Op:AddV2]

你知道是什么问题吗?

ua4mk5z4

ua4mk5z41#

这个错误告诉你它不能分配你正在使用的那么多的VRAM。克服这类问题最简单的方法是将批处理大小减少到适合你的GPU的VRAM的数量。

nhn9ugyo

nhn9ugyo2#

您收到的错误消息tensorflow.python.framework.errors_impl.ResourceExhaustedError: failed to allocate memory [Op:AddV2]可能表示您的GPU没有足够的内存来运行您要运行的培训作业。您使用的是哪种GPU?它有多少vRAM?
当训练时出现“内存不足”(OOM)错误时,最直接的方法是减少batch_size超参数
除了试错法之外,没有直接的方法来确定您在训练时可以使用的最大batch_size,它将适合您GPU的可用vRAM。但是,一般规则是使用2的幂(例如81632)。

ars1skjm

ars1skjm3#

由于这意味着内存不足的情况,因此首先应尝试减小批处理大小。如果定型数据集非常大,也可能发生这种情况。您可以尝试使用定型数据的子集对模型进行定型,看看是否有帮助。

ego6inou

ego6inou4#

如果有很多训练样本,则可能得到ResourceExhaustedError
tensorflow转换为ResourceExhaustedError
例如,如果每个用户的配额已用完,或者整个文件系统空间不足,则可能会引发此错误。

如何修复此错误:

  • 使用fit方法训练模型时,将batch_size设置得较小:

batch_size:整数或无。每次梯度更新的样本数。
这意味着batch_size越大,训练时需要的内存就越多。

  • 如果您在Jupyter notebook上,请尝试重新启动内核

重新启动 kernel 将重置您的笔记本电脑,并删除分配给您定义的变量或方法的所有内存!

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