XAML 将ItemSource内的ContextMenu命令绑定到ViewModel内的命令

qlzsbp2j  于 2022-12-07  发布在  其他
关注(0)|答案(1)|浏览(165)

I have a ItemsControl control, in which there is ContextMenu control.
The ItemsControl has its ItemsSource bound to a List<Person> .
What I want to do is to bind a DisplayNameCommand and a DisplaySurnameCommand to their corresponding context menu item, where both commands are inside of a MainWindowViewModel - not the bound Person object!!!.
The important thing is that ContextMenu needs to still have the ItemsSource data context, as I need to acces the bound object property to include it in the command parameter.
ItemsControl:

<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding PeopleList}">
    <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Surname}"/>
                <Image>
                    <Image.ContextMenu>
                        <ContextMenu>
                            <MenuItem Header="Display Name" 
                                        Command="{Binding DisplaySurnameCommand}" 
                                        CommandParameter="{Binding Name}">
                            </MenuItem>
                            <MenuItem Header="Display Surname" 
                                        Command="{Binding DisplaySurnameCommand}" 
                                        CommandParameter="{Binding Surname}">
                            </MenuItem>
                        </ContextMenu>
                    </Image.ContextMenu>
                </Image>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>

MainWindowViewModel and Person class:

public class MainWindowViewModel
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel()
        {
            DisplayNameCommand = new RelayCommand(DisplayName);
            DisplaySurnameCommand = new RelayCommand(DisplaySurname);

            PeopleList = new List<Person>();

            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Julie", "Adams"));
            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Mack", "McMack"));
            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Josh", "Broccoli"));
        }

        public List<Person> PeopleList { get; set; }

        public void DisplayName(object message)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Name: " + (string)message);
        }

        public void DisplaySurname(object message)
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Surname: "+ (string)message);
        }

        public RelayCommand DisplayNameCommand { get; }
        public RelayCommand DisplaySurnameCommand { get; }
    }

    public class Person
    {
        public Person(string name, string surname)
        {
            Name = name;
            Surname = surname;
        }

        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Surname { get; set; }
    }

Also I know that it is possible to bind it to a Person object and then point it to a viewmodel command, but that's not what I'm looking for.
I've created a demo project for this problem.

What I have tried
1. Specify Command for MenuItem in a DataTemplate (accepted answer)

<ContextMenu>
    <ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>
        <Style TargetType="MenuItem">
            <Setter Property="Command" Value="{Binding DataContext.DisplaySurname, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=Window}}"/>
            <Setter Property="CommandParameter" Value="{Binding Name}"/>
        </Style>
    </ContextMenu.ItemContainerStyle>

    <MenuItem Header="Display Name">
    <MenuItem Header="Display Surname">
</ContextMenu>

So this is the closest that I got to the result, this does trigger the command but the problem is that there can be only 1 command set for all menu items.
If there could be a way to get around this by setting the name for the style or using something else than ItemContainerStyle it could work, but I couldn't come up with anything like that.

2. Set a relative command

<ContextMenu>
    <MenuItem Header="Display Name"
                Command="{Binding DataContext.DisplayNameCommand, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=Window}}"
                CommandParameter="{Binding Name}"/>
    <MenuItem Header="Display Surname"
                Command="{Binding DataContext.DisplaySurnameCommand, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=Window}}"
                CommandParameter="{Binding Surname}"/>
</ContextMenu>

This returns a binding error:
Cannot find source: RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType='System.Windows.Window', AncestorLevel='1'.

3. Can't bind a ContextMenu action to a Command

The accepted answer first bound to a person object, and the updated solution didn't even work, but the second answer that I've tried:

<MenuItem Header="Display Surname"
            Command="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType={x:Type Window}}, Path=DisplaySurnameCommand}"
            CommandParameter="{Binding Surname}"/>

returned a binding error of:
Cannot find source: RelativeSource FindAncestor, AncestorType='System.Windows.Window', AncestorLevel='1'.
... and besides those three I've tried many more soltuions and variations, with little to no result.
I've spent a whole day trying to find a solution to this, please help me, wpf is taking away my sanity.
Ps. this is my first post so if you have any comments then let me know.

rqenqsqc

rqenqsqc1#

好的,第二天我找到了一个基于this解决方案的解决方案。它工作得很好,命令触发器,但是-它更改了上下文菜单的DataContext,因此绑定的Person对象不再可用。因此,为了解决这个问题,为了访问当前对象,我在ViewModel中添加了一个Person属性。每当用户点击一张图片,就会打开一个上下文菜单。这样你就知道点击了什么。

    • 此解决方案既可用于访问绑定对象,也可用于任意数量的命令。**

不是最preetiy的解决方案,但效果很好。


XAML:

<ItemsControl ItemsSource="{Binding PeopleList}">
    <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
        <DataTemplate>
            <StackPanel Orientation="Horizontal">
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Name}"/>
                <TextBlock Text="{Binding Surname}"/>
                <Image Source="more_64px.png" Tag="{Binding DataContext, RelativeSource={RelativeSource AncestorType=Window}}" >
                    <Image.InputBindings>
                        <MouseBinding Gesture="LeftClick" Command="{Binding DataContext.UpdateCurrentObjectCommand, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=Window}}" CommandParameter="{Binding}"/>
                        <MouseBinding Gesture="RightClick" Command="{Binding DataContext.UpdateCurrentObjectCommand, RelativeSource={RelativeSource Mode=FindAncestor,AncestorType=Window}}" CommandParameter="{Binding}"/>
                    </Image.InputBindings>
                    <Image.ContextMenu>
                        <ContextMenu DataContext="{Binding Path=PlacementTarget.Tag, RelativeSource={x:Static RelativeSource.Self}}">
                            <MenuItem Header="Display Name" Command="{Binding DisplayNameCommand}"/>
                            <MenuItem Header="Display Surname" Command="{Binding DisplaySurnameCommand}"/>
                        </ContextMenu>
                    </Image.ContextMenu>
                </Image>
            </StackPanel>
        </DataTemplate>
    </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
</ItemsControl>

具有Person类别的ViewModel:

public class MainWindowViewModel
    {
        public MainWindowViewModel()
        {
            DisplayNameCommand = new RelayCommand(DisplayName);
            DisplaySurnameCommand = new RelayCommand(DisplaySurname);

            PeopleList = new List<Person>();

            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Julie", "Adams"));
            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Mack", "McMack"));
            PeopleList.Add(new Person("Josh", "Broccoli"));

            UpdateCurrentObjectCommand = new RelayCommand(UpdateCurrentObject);
        }

        private void UpdateCurrentObject(object person)
        {
            CurrentPerson = (Person)person;
        }

        private Person CurrentPerson { get; set; }

        public List<Person> PeopleList { get; set; }

        public void DisplayName()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Name: " + CurrentPerson.Name);
        }

        public void DisplaySurname()
        {
            MessageBox.Show("Name: " + CurrentPerson.Surname);
        }

        public RelayCommand DisplayNameCommand { get; }
        public RelayCommand DisplaySurnameCommand { get; }
        public RelayCommand UpdateCurrentObjectCommand { get; }
    }

    public class Person
    {
        public Person(string name, string surname)
        {
            Name = name;
            Surname = surname;
        }

        public string Name { get; set; }
        public string Surname { get; set; }
    }

如果你有任何问题或意见,让我知道!

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