With some help from the answer of Amulya Kashyap this is my working solution:

<div ng-repeat="speed in speeds track by $index">
   You're faster than a <span ng-bind="speed.value | speedToAnimal"></span>
</div>

The Filter a came up with:

app.filter('speedToAnimal', function () {
    return function (value) {

        var animals = [
            {"speed":12,"animal":"Field Mouse"},
            {"speed":13,"animal":"House Mouse"},
            {"speed":16,"animal":"Camel"},
            {"speed":18,"animal":"Pig"},
            {"speed":20,"animal":"Gray Squirrel"},
            {"speed":22,"animal":"Sea Lion"},
            {"speed":24,"animal":"Sheep"},
        ];

        if(!animals) return;

        var curSpeed = value;
        var len = animals.length - 1;
        while(len >= 0){
            if(curSpeed >= animals[len].speed){
                return animals[len].animal;
            }
            len--;
        }
    };
});

这是工作中的Fiddle of your code。
下面是您的代码：

HTML部分：

<div ng-controller="MyCtrl">
 <legend> Enter Speed</legend> 
<input type="text" ng-model="speed.value" required />
<button type="button" ng-click="calc()">Get Animal</button>

<span>{{filteredAnimals}}</span>
</div>

控制器代码

var myApp = angular.module('myApp',[]);

myApp.controller('MyCtrl', function($scope) {
    $scope.animals = [
    {
      "speed": 33.7,
      "animal": 'pig',
    },
    {
      "speed": 40.2,
      "animal": 'Dog',
    },
    {
      "speed": 45.4,
      "animal": 'Horse',
    }];
    
    $scope.calc = function(){
        $scope.curSpeed = $scope.speed.value;
        var len = $scope.animals.length - 1;
        var filteredAnimals;
        while(len >= 0){
            if($scope.curSpeed >= $scope.animals[len].speed){
                filteredAnimals = $scope.filteredAnimals = $scope.animals[len].animal;
                break;
            }
            len--;
        }
    }
});