环境:Python\r:无此文件或目录

qoefvg9y  于 2022-12-10  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(6)|浏览(160)

我的Python脚本beak包含以下内容:

#!/usr/bin/env python

当我运行脚本$ ./beak时,我得到

env: python\r: No such file or directory

我之前从存储库中提取了此脚本。这可能是什么原因?

iezvtpos

iezvtpos1#

打开**vimvi**中的文件,然后执行以下命令:

:set ff=unix

保存并退出:

:wq

搞定了!

说明

ff代表 * file format,可以接受unix\n)、dos\r\n)和mac\r 的值(仅适用于英特尔之前的MAC,在现代MAC上使用**unix**)*。
要了解有关ff命令的更多信息,请执行以下操作:

:help ff

:wq代表W输入和Q退出,更快的等效方法是Shift+zz(即按住 Shift,然后按z两次)。
command mode中必须同时使用这两个命令。

用于多个文件

没有必要在vim中打开文件,可以直接从命令行进行修改:

vi +':wq ++ff=unix' file_with_dos_linebreaks.py

要处理多个*.py文件(在bash中):

for file in *.py ; do
    vi +':w ++ff=unix' +':q' "${file}"
done

😱 offtopic:如果你碰巧卡在Vim中,需要退出,here是一些简单的方法。

删除BOM标记

有时,即使在设置了unix行尾之后,运行该文件时仍然可能会出现错误,特别是当文件是可执行文件并且具有shebang时。脚本可能具有BOM标记(例如0xEFBBBF或其他),这会使shebang无效并导致shell抱怨。(因为python * 可以 * 处理BOM)但是./myscript.py在设置执行位时会失败,因为您的shell(sh、bash、zsh等)* 不能 * 处理BOM标记。(通常是Windows编辑器,如 Notepad 创建带有BOM标记的文件。)
可通过在vim中打开文件并执行以下命令来移除BOM:

:set nobomb
czq61nw1

czq61nw12#

脚本包含CR字符。shell将这些CR字符解释为参数。
解决方案:使用以下脚本从脚本中删除CR字符。

with open('beak', 'rb+') as f:
    content = f.read()
    f.seek(0)
    f.write(content.replace(b'\r', b''))
    f.truncate()
dldeef67

dldeef673#

您可以使用以下命令将行尾转换为 *nix-friendly

dos2unix beak
vohkndzv

vohkndzv4#

如果你使用PyCharm,你可以通过将行分隔符设置为LF来很容易地解决这个问题。

yx2lnoni

yx2lnoni5#

我通过运行python3修复了这个错误,即python3\path\filename.py

ubbxdtey

ubbxdtey6#

falsetru的答案完全解决了我的问题。我写了一个小助手,允许我规范化多个文件的行尾。由于我不是很熟悉多个平台上的行尾,等等。程序中使用的术语可能不是100%正确。

#!/usr/bin/env python
# Copyright (c) 2013  Niklas Rosenstein
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
# all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
# THE SOFTWARE.

import os
import sys
import glob
import argparse

def process_file(name, lend):
    with open(name, 'rb') as fl:
        data = fl.read()

    data = data.replace('\r\n', '\n').replace('\r', '\n')
    data = data.replace('\n', lend)
    with open(name, 'wb') as fl:
        fl.write(data)

def main():
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Convert line-endings of one '
            'or more files.')
    parser.add_argument('-r', '--recursive', action='store_true',
            help='Process all files in a given directory recursively.')
    parser.add_argument('-d', '--dest', default='unix',
            choices=('unix', 'windows'), help='The destination line-ending '
            'type. Default is unix.')
    parser.add_argument('-e', '--is-expr', action='store_true',
            help='Arguments passed for the FILE parameter are treated as '
            'glob expressions.')
    parser.add_argument('-x', '--dont-issue', help='Do not issue missing files.',
            action='store_true')
    parser.add_argument('files', metavar='FILE', nargs='*',
            help='The files or directories to process.')
    args = parser.parse_args()

    # Determine the new line-ending.
    if args.dest == 'unix':
        lend = '\n'
    else:
        lend = '\r\n'

    # Process the files/direcories.
    if not args.is_expr:
        for name in args.files:
            if os.path.isfile(name):
                process_file(name, lend)
            elif os.path.isdir(name) and args.recursive:
                for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk(name):
                    for fn in files:
                        fn = os.path.join(dirpath, fn)
                        process_file(fn, fn)
            elif not args.dont_issue:
                parser.error("File '%s' does not exist." % name)
    else:
        if not args.recursive:
            for name in args.files:
                for fn in glob.iglob(name):
                    process_file(fn, lend)
        else:
            for name in args.files:
                for dirpath, dirnames, files in os.walk('.'):
                    for fn in glob.iglob(os.path.join(dirpath, name)):
                        process_file(fn, lend)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

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