如果您只想从resourceID中提取VM名称和groupName，请尝试以下代码：

function parseGroupAndName{
     param (
        [string]$resourceID
    )
    $array = $resourceID.Split('/') 
    $indexG = 0..($array.Length -1) | where {$array[$_] -eq 'resourcegroups'}
    $indexV = 0..($array.Length -1) | where {$array[$_] -eq 'virtualmachines'}
    $result = $array.get($indexG+1),$array.get($indexV+1)
    return $result
}

$resourceID = '/subscriptions/00/resourcegroups/rg-test/providers/microsoft.compute/virtualmachines/vm-test'

parseGroupAndName -resourceID $resourceID

结果：

更简单：

$resourceID = '/subscriptions/xxxx/resourceGroups/rrrrrrr/providers/aaaa/bbbb/nnnnn'
$cc=Get-AzResource -ResourceId 

$cc.ResourceType
aaaaa/bbbb

$cc.ResourceGroupName
rrrrrr

$cc.Name
nnnnnnn