python-3.x Google Webscraper(URLS)-在搜索结果中包括超过第一页的内容

bjp0bcyl  于 2022-12-24  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(104)

得到了一个基本的谷歌网页抓取器,返回第一个谷歌搜索页面的网址-我希望它包括进一步的网页网址。什么是最好的方式来分页,使它从网页2,3,4,5,6,7等网址。
不想去太空与多少页我 scrapy ,但肯定要比第一页!

import requests
import urllib
import pandas as pd
from requests_html import HTML
from requests_html import HTMLSession

def get_source(url):
    try:
        session = HTMLSession()
        response = session.get(url)
        return response

    except requests.exceptions.RequestException as e:
        print(e)

def scrape_google(query):

    query = urllib.parse.quote_plus(query)
    response = get_source("https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=" + query)

    links = list(response.html.absolute_links)
    google_domains = ('https://www.google.',
                      'https://google.',
                      'https://webcache.googleusercontent.',
                      'http://webcache.googleusercontent.',
                      'https://policies.google.',
                      'https://support.google.',
                      'https://maps.google.')

    for url in links[:]:
        if url.startswith(google_domains):
            links.remove(url)

    return links

print(scrape_google('https://www.google.com/search?q=letting agent'))
mpgws1up

mpgws1up1#

您可以迭代特定的range(),并通过将迭代次数乘以10来设置start参数-将结果保存到list并使用set()删除重复项:

data = []

for i in range(3):
    data.extend(scrape_google('letting agent', i*10))

set(data)

示例

import requests

def scrape_google(query,start):

    response = get_source(f"https://www.google.co.uk/search?q={query}&start={start}")

    links = list(response.html.absolute_links)
    google_domains = ('https://www.google.',
                      'https://google.',
                      'https://webcache.googleusercontent.',
                      'http://webcache.googleusercontent.',
                      'https://policies.google.',
                      'https://support.google.',
                      'https://maps.google.')

    for url in links[:]:
        if url.startswith(google_domains):
            links.remove(url)

    return links
    
data = []

for i in range(3):
    data.extend(scrape_google('letting agent', i*10))

print(set(data))

输出

{'https://www.lettingagenttoday.co.uk/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://howsy.com/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.propertymark.co.uk/professional-standards/consumer-guides/landlords/what-does-a-letting-agent-do.html&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/housing/renting-privately/during-your-tenancy/complaining-about-your-letting-agent/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.allagents.co.uk/find-agent/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.theonlinelettingagents.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.which.co.uk/money/mortgages-and-property/buy-to-let/using-a-letting-agent-a16lu1w364rv', 'https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/non-resident-landord-guidance-notes-for-letting-agents-and-tenants-non-resident-landlords-scheme-guidance-notes', 'https://lettingagentregistration.gov.scot/renew', 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letting_agent#Services_and_fees', 'https://patriciashepherd.co.uk/', 'https://dict.leo.org/englisch-deutsch/letting%20agent', 'https://www.diamonds-salesandlettings.co.uk/', 'https://www.lettingagentproperties.com/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.ukala.org.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://register.lettingagentregistration.gov.scot/search&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://context.reverso.net/%C3%BCbersetzung/englisch-deutsch/letting+agent', 'https://www.cubittandwest.co.uk/landlord-guides/what-is-a-letting-agent/', 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letting_agent', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://safeagents.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://charlesroseproperties.co.uk/news/letting-agent-vs-estate-agent-the-differences/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.tenantshop.co.uk/letting-agents/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://lettingagentregistration.gov.scot/renew&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.winkworth.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://objego.de/lp-immobilienverwaltung/', 'https://www.facebook.com/agestateagents/videos/looking-to-instruct-a-letting-agent-not-sure-what-you-should-be-looking-for-or-w/688390845096579/', 'https://www.ukala.org.uk/', 'https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letting_agent#Regulation', 'https://www.foxtons.co.uk/', 'https://ibizaprestige.com/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.which.co.uk/money/mortgages-and-property/buy-to-let/using-a-letting-agent-a16lu1w364rv&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.tenantshop.co.uk/letting-agents/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.dict.cc/?s=letting+agent', 'https://www.landlordaccreditationscotland.com/letting-agent-training/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/non-resident-landord-guidance-notes-for-letting-agents-and-tenants-non-resident-landlords-scheme-guidance-notes&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.propertyinvestmentsuk.co.uk/what-is-a-letting-agent/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.propertyinvestmentsuk.co.uk/what-is-a-letting-agent/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.leaders.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letting_agent&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.allagents.co.uk/find-agent/', 'https://www.leaders.co.uk/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.foxtons.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://howsy.com/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://patriciashepherd.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.lettingagenttoday.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://register.lettingagentregistration.gov.scot/search', 'https://www.linguee.de/englisch-deutsch/uebersetzung/letting+agent.html', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.diamonds-salesandlettings.co.uk/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://www.theonlinelettingagents.co.uk/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.lettingagentproperties.com/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'http://www.paul-partner.com/', 'https://www.homeday.de/de/homeday-makler/rhein-main-gebiet-sued/?utm_medium=seo&utm_source=gmb&utm_campaign=rhein_main_gebiet_sued', 'https://www.propertymark.co.uk/professional-standards/consumer-guides/landlords/what-does-a-letting-agent-do.html', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.citizensadvice.org.uk/housing/renting-privately/during-your-tenancy/complaining-about-your-letting-agent/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://safeagents.co.uk/', 'https://charlesroseproperties.co.uk/news/letting-agent-vs-estate-agent-the-differences/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.landlordaccreditationscotland.com/letting-agent-training/&prev=search&pto=aue', 'https://move.uk.net/', 'https://www.winkworth.co.uk/', 'https://translate.google.co.uk/translate?hl=de&sl=en&u=https://www.cubittandwest.co.uk/landlord-guides/what-is-a-letting-agent/&prev=search&pto=aue'}
ffscu2ro

ffscu2ro2#

您可以使用BeautifulSoup网页抓取库抓取Google搜索结果,而无需使用requests-html
为了动态地从所有可能的页面中提取所有结果,我们需要使用while循环,并在特定条件下退出循环。无论有多少页面,它都会遍历所有页面。基本上,我们不会硬编码页码来从N页到N页。
在本例中,只要下一个按钮存在(由页面上是否存在按钮选择器决定,在我们的例子中是CSS选择器.d6cvqb a[id=pnnext],您需要将["start"]的值增加10来访问下一个页面(非令牌分页),如果存在,否则,我们需要退出while循环:

if soup.select_one('.d6cvqb a[id=pnnext]'):
    params["start"] += 10
else:
    break

和其他网站一样,如果你使用requests,google可能会认为你是一个机器人而阻止你的请求,因为requests中默认的用户代理库是python-requests
为了避免这种情况,其中一个步骤可以是旋转user-agent,例如,在PC、移动设备和平板电脑之间切换,以及在Chrome、Firefox、Safari、Edge等浏览器之间切换。最可靠的方法是使用旋转代理、用户代理和验证码解算器。
检查在线IDE中的代码。

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests, json, lxml

# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#passing-parameters-in-urls
params = {
    "q": "letting agent",  # query
    "hl": "en",            # language
    "gl": "uk",            # country of the search, UK -> United Kingdom
    "start": 0,            # number page by default up to 0
    #"num": 100            # parameter defines the maximum number of results to return.
}

# https://docs.python-requests.org/en/master/user/quickstart/#custom-headers
headers = {
    "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/108.0.0.0 Safari/537.36"
}

page_num = 0

website_data = []

while True:
    page_num += 1
    print(f"page: {page_num}")
        
    html = requests.get("https://www.google.co.uk/search", params=params, headers=headers, timeout=30)
    soup = BeautifulSoup(html.text, 'lxml')
    
    for result in soup.select(".tF2Cxc"):
        title = result.select_one(".DKV0Md").text
        website_link = result.select_one(".yuRUbf a")["href"]
        try:
            snippet = result.select_one(".lEBKkf span").text
        except:
            None
                    
        website_data.append({
              "title": title,
              "snippet": snippet,
              "website_link": website_link  
        })
      
    if soup.select_one('.d6cvqb a[id=pnnext]'):
        params["start"] += 10
    else:
        break

print(json.dumps(website_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))

输出示例:

[
  {
    "title": "Letting agents in York Anderton McClements. Luxury Lets in ...",
    "snippet": "Anderton McClements are the Letting Agents in York. We offer the best possible service in property letting in York. Contact us today.",
    "website_link": "https://andertonmcclements.co.uk/"
  },
  {
    "title": "Letting Agents near Swansea | Reviews - Yell",
    "snippet": "Search for Letting Agents near you, or submit your own review. ... an experienced letting agent can help you discover your next property to let.",
    "website_link": "https://www.yell.com/s/letting+agents-swansea.html"
  },
  other results...
]

作为替代,你可以使用SerpApi的Google Search Engine Results API,这是一个免费的付费API,不同的是它会绕过Google的屏蔽(包括CAPTCHA),不需要创建解析器和维护它。
代码示例:

from serpapi import GoogleSearch
from urllib.parse import urlsplit, parse_qsl
import json, os

params = {
  "api_key": os.getenv("API_KEY"), # serpapi key from https://serpapi.com/manage-api-key
  "engine": "google",              # serpapi parser engine
  "q": "letting agent",            # search query
  "gl": "uk",                      # country of the search, UK -> United Kingdom
  "num": "100"                     # number of results per page (100 per page in this case)
  # other search parameters: https://serpapi.com/search-api#api-parameters
}

search = GoogleSearch(params)      # where data extraction happens

organic_results_data = []
page_num = 0

while True:
    results = search.get_dict()    # JSON -> Python dictionary
    
    page_num += 1
    
    for result in results["organic_results"]:
        organic_results_data.append({
            "title": result.get("title"),
            "snippet": result.get("snippet"),
            "link": result.get("link")
        })
    
    if "next_link" in results.get("serpapi_pagination", []):
        search.params_dict.update(dict(parse_qsl(urlsplit(results.get("serpapi_pagination").get("next_link")).query)))
    else:
        break
    
print(json.dumps(organic_results_data, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False))

输出:

[
   {
    "title": "Appeal to private landlords to offer tenancy to those in need",
    "snippet": "“If you are unsure if your property will be suitable, please call us to discuss and if you are a landlord who uses a letting agent and would ...",
    "link": "https://newsroom.shropshire.gov.uk/2022/12/appeal-to-private-landlords-to-offer-tenancy-to-those-in-need/"
  },
  other results...
]

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