ios 我可以使用Objective-C块作为属性吗?

ql3eal8s  于 2022-12-24  发布在  iOS
关注(0)|答案(8)|浏览(249)

是否可以使用标准特性语法将块作为特性?

ARC是否有任何变更?

yqyhoc1h

yqyhoc1h1#

@property (nonatomic, copy) void (^simpleBlock)(void);
@property (nonatomic, copy) BOOL (^blockWithParamter)(NSString *input);

如果要在多个位置重复相同的块,请使用type def

typedef void(^MyCompletionBlock)(BOOL success, NSError *error);
@property (nonatomic) MyCompletionBlock completion;
lkaoscv7

lkaoscv72#

下面是一个如何完成此类任务的示例:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
typedef int (^IntBlock)();

@interface myobj : NSObject
{
    IntBlock compare;
}

@property(readwrite, copy) IntBlock compare;

@end

@implementation myobj

@synthesize compare;

- (void)dealloc 
{
   // need to release the block since the property was declared copy. (for heap
   // allocated blocks this prevents a potential leak, for compiler-optimized 
   // stack blocks it is a no-op)
   // Note that for ARC, this is unnecessary, as with all properties, the memory management is handled for you.
   [compare release];
   [super dealloc];
}
@end

int main () {
    @autoreleasepool {
        myobj *ob = [[myobj alloc] init];
        ob.compare = ^
        {
            return rand();
        };
        NSLog(@"%i", ob.compare());
        // if not ARC
        [ob release];
    }

    return 0;
}

现在,如果需要更改比较类型,唯一需要更改的就是typedef int (^IntBlock)(),如果需要向它传递两个对象,请将其更改为:typedef int (^IntBlock)(id, id),并将块更改为:

^ (id obj1, id obj2)
{
    return rand();
};

编辑2012年3月12日:
对于ARC,不需要做任何特定的更改,因为只要块被定义为复制,ARC就会为您管理块。您也不需要在析构函数中将该属性设置为nil。
欲了解更多阅读,请查看此文档:http://clang.llvm.org/docs/AutomaticReferenceCounting.html

kr98yfug

kr98yfug3#

@属性(副本)无效

@property (copy)void (^doStuff)(void);

就这么简单。

以下是实际的Apple文档,其中详细说明了如何使用:

Apple doco.
您的. h文件:

// Here is a block as a property:
//
// Someone passes you a block. You "hold on to it",
// while you do other stuff. Later, you use the block.
//
// The property 'doStuff' will hold the incoming block.

@property (copy)void (^doStuff)(void);

// Here's a method in your class.
// When someone CALLS this method, they PASS IN a block of code,
// which they want to be performed after the method is finished.

-(void)doSomethingAndThenDoThis:(void(^)(void))pleaseDoMeLater;

// We will hold on to that block of code in "doStuff".

您的. m文件:

-(void)doSomethingAndThenDoThis:(void(^)(void))pleaseDoMeLater
    {
    // Regarding the incoming block of code, save it for later:
    self.doStuff = pleaseDoMeLater;
  
    // Now do other processing, which could follow various paths,
    // involve delays, and so on. Then after everything:
    [self _alldone];
    }

-(void)_alldone
    {
    NSLog(@"Processing finished, running the completion block.");
    // Here's how to run the block:
    if ( self.doStuff != nil )
       self.doStuff();
    }

小心过期的示例代码。

使用现代(2014年以上)系统,按照这里所示做。就是这么简单。

vc6uscn9

vc6uscn94#

为了后代/完整性的缘故...这里有两个完整的例子,如何实现这种可笑的通用“做事方式”。@罗伯特的答案是幸福的简洁和正确的,但在这里我也想展示如何实际“定义”的块。

@interface       ReusableClass : NSObject
@property (nonatomic,copy) CALayer*(^layerFromArray)(NSArray*);
@end

@implementation  ResusableClass
static  NSString const * privateScope = @"Touch my monkey.";

- (CALayer*(^)(NSArray*)) layerFromArray { 
     return ^CALayer*(NSArray* array){
        CALayer *returnLayer = CALayer.layer
        for (id thing in array) {
            [returnLayer doSomethingCrazy];
            [returnLayer setValue:privateScope
                         forKey:@"anticsAndShenanigans"];
        }
        return list;
    };
}
@end

愚蠢?* 是的。* 有用?***当然。***这里有一种不同的、“更原子化”的设置属性的方法...和一个非常有用的类...

@interface      CALayoutDelegator : NSObject
@property (nonatomic,strong) void(^layoutBlock)(CALayer*);
@end

@implementation CALayoutDelegator
- (id) init { 
   return self = super.init ? 
         [self setLayoutBlock: ^(CALayer*layer){
          for (CALayer* sub in layer.sublayers)
            [sub someDefaultLayoutRoutine];
         }], self : nil;
}
- (void) layoutSublayersOfLayer:(CALayer*)layer {
   self.layoutBlock ? self.layoutBlock(layer) : nil;
}   
@end

这说明了通过访问器设置block属性(虽然在init内部,但这是一个有争议的冒险实践..)与第一个示例的“非原子”“getter”机制。在任何一种情况下..“硬编码”实现总是可以被覆盖,* 每个示例 *..

CALayoutDelegator *littleHelper = CALayoutDelegator.new;
littleHelper.layoutBlock = ^(CALayer*layer){
  [layer.sublayers do:^(id sub){ [sub somethingElseEntirely]; }];
};
someLayer.layoutManager = littleHelper;

另外,如果你想在一个类别中添加一个块属性...假设你想使用一个块而不是一些老派的目标/动作“动作”...你可以只使用关联的值来关联块。

typedef    void(^NSControlActionBlock)(NSControl*); 
@interface       NSControl            (ActionBlocks)
@property (copy) NSControlActionBlock  actionBlock;    @end
@implementation  NSControl            (ActionBlocks)

- (NSControlActionBlock) actionBlock { 
    // use the "getter" method's selector to store/retrieve the block!
    return  objc_getAssociatedObject(self, _cmd); 
} 
- (void) setActionBlock:(NSControlActionBlock)ab {

    objc_setAssociatedObject( // save (copy) the block associatively, as categories can't synthesize Ivars.
    self, @selector(actionBlock),ab ,OBJC_ASSOCIATION_COPY);
    self.target = self;                  // set self as target (where you call the block)
    self.action = @selector(doItYourself); // this is where it's called.
}
- (void) doItYourself {

    if (self.actionBlock && self.target == self) self.actionBlock(self);
}
@end

现在,当你制作一个按钮时,你不需要设置一些IBAction戏剧..只要把要在创作时完成的工作联系起来...

_button.actionBlock = ^(NSControl*thisButton){ 

     [doc open]; [thisButton setEnabled:NO]; 
};

这种模式可以反复应用于 * 可可API。使用属性将代码的相关部分 * 紧密地结合在一起 *,消除 * 复杂的委托范例 *,并利用对象的强大功能,而不仅仅是充当哑“容器”。

5us2dqdw

5us2dqdw5#

当然,你可以把块作为属性使用。但是要确保它们声明为**@property(copy)**。例如:

typedef void(^TestBlock)(void);

@interface SecondViewController : UIViewController
@property (nonatomic, copy) TestBlock block;
@end

在MRC中,捕获上下文变量的块被分配在堆栈中;当堆栈帧被销毁时,它们将被释放。2如果它们被复制,一个新的块将被分配到中,它可以在堆栈帧弹出后执行。

6pp0gazn

6pp0gazn6#

放弃者

这并不是一个"好答案",因为这个问题是针对ObjectiveC的。由于苹果在WWDC14上介绍了Swift,我想分享一下在Swift中使用块(或闭包)的不同方法。
∮你好,斯威夫特
在Swift中,有很多方法可以传递与函数等价的块。
我找到三个。
为了理解这一点,我建议你在操场上测试这一小段代码。

func test(function:String -> String) -> String
{
    return function("test")
}

func funcStyle(s:String) -> String
{
    return "FUNC__" + s + "__FUNC"
}
let resultFunc = test(funcStyle)

let blockStyle:(String) -> String = {s in return "BLOCK__" + s + "__BLOCK"}
let resultBlock = test(blockStyle)

let resultAnon = test({(s:String) -> String in return "ANON_" + s + "__ANON" })

println(resultFunc)
println(resultBlock)
println(resultAnon)

Swift,针对密封件进行了优化

由于Swift针对异步开发进行了优化,苹果在闭包上做了更多的工作。

按数字访问参数

let resultShortAnon = test({return "ANON_" + $0 + "__ANON" })

使用命名进行参数推断

let resultShortAnon2 = test({myParam in return "ANON_" + myParam + "__ANON" })

尾部闭合

这种特殊情况只有在块是最后一个参数时才有效,它被称为 * 尾随闭包 *
以下是一个示例(与推断签名合并以显示Swift的强大功能)

let resultTrailingClosure = test { return "TRAILCLOS_" + $0 + "__TRAILCLOS" }

最后:
使用所有这些功能,我将混合使用尾随闭包和类型推断(为了可读性而命名)

PFFacebookUtils.logInWithPermissions(permissions) {
    user, error in
    if (!user) {
        println("Uh oh. The user cancelled the Facebook login.")
    } else if (user.isNew) {
        println("User signed up and logged in through Facebook!")
    } else {
        println("User logged in through Facebook!")
    }
}
xtupzzrd

xtupzzrd7#

"你好,斯威夫特"
补充"弗朗切斯库“的回答。
添加额外参数:

func test(function:String -> String, param1:String, param2:String) -> String
{
    return function("test"+param1 + param2)
}

func funcStyle(s:String) -> String
{
    return "FUNC__" + s + "__FUNC"
}
let resultFunc = test(funcStyle, "parameter 1", "parameter 2")

let blockStyle:(String) -> String = {s in return "BLOCK__" + s + "__BLOCK"}
let resultBlock = test(blockStyle, "parameter 1", "parameter 2")

let resultAnon = test({(s:String) -> String in return "ANON_" + s + "__ANON" }, "parameter 1", "parameter 2")

println(resultFunc)
println(resultBlock)
println(resultAnon)
ezykj2lf

ezykj2lf8#

您可以遵循下面的格式并使用类中的testingObjectiveCBlock属性。

typedef void (^testingObjectiveCBlock)(NSString *errorMsg);

@interface MyClass : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, strong) testingObjectiveCBlock testingObjectiveCBlock;
@end

有关详细信息,请查看here

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