regex 给定前缀/1 - /128的IPv6网络掩码的正则表达式模式

omqzjyyz  于 2022-12-27  发布在  其他
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我正在尝试编写一个正则表达式，用于接受从8000::到ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff的IPv6子网。子网基于/1 - 128之间的前缀范围

IPv6的有效网络掩码示例列表：

The prefix /1 is equal to netmask 8000::
The prefix /2 is equal to netmask c000::
The prefix /3 is equal to netmask e000::
The prefix /4 is equal to netmask f000::
The prefix /5 is equal to netmask f800::
The prefix /6 is equal to netmask fc00::
The prefix /7 is equal to netmask fe00::
The prefix /8 is equal to netmask ff00::
The prefix /9 is equal to netmask ff80::
The prefix /10 is equal to netmask ffc0::
The prefix /11 is equal to netmask ffe0::
The prefix /12 is equal to netmask fff0::
The prefix /13 is equal to netmask fff8::
The prefix /14 is equal to netmask fffc::
The prefix /15 is equal to netmask fffe::
The prefix /16 is equal to netmask ffff::
The prefix /17 is equal to netmask ffff:8000::
The prefix /18 is equal to netmask ffff:c000::
The prefix /19 is equal to netmask ffff:e000::
The prefix /20 is equal to netmask ffff:f000::
The prefix /21 is equal to netmask ffff:f800::
The prefix /22 is equal to netmask ffff:fc00::
The prefix /23 is equal to netmask ffff:fe00::
The prefix /24 is equal to netmask ffff:ff00::
The prefix /25 is equal to netmask ffff:ff80::
The prefix /26 is equal to netmask ffff:ffc0::
The prefix /27 is equal to netmask ffff:ffe0::
The prefix /28 is equal to netmask ffff:fff0::
The prefix /29 is equal to netmask ffff:fff8::
The prefix /30 is equal to netmask ffff:fffc::
The prefix /31 is equal to netmask ffff:fffe::
The prefix /32 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff::
The prefix /33 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:8000::
The prefix /34 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:c000::
The prefix /35 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:e000::
The prefix /36 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:f000::
The prefix /37 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:f800::
The prefix /38 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fc00::
The prefix /39 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fe00::
The prefix /40 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ff00::
The prefix /41 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ff80::
The prefix /42 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffc0::
The prefix /43 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffe0::
The prefix /44 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fff0::
The prefix /45 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fff8::
The prefix /46 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fffc::
The prefix /47 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:fffe::
The prefix /48 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff::
The prefix /49 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:8000::
The prefix /50 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:c000::
The prefix /51 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:e000::
The prefix /52 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:f000::
The prefix /53 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:f800::
The prefix /54 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fc00::
The prefix /55 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fe00::
The prefix /56 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ff00::
The prefix /57 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ff80::
The prefix /58 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffc0::
The prefix /59 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0::
The prefix /60 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0::
The prefix /61 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fff8::
The prefix /62 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fffc::
The prefix /63 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe::
The prefix /64 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
The prefix /65 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:8000::
The prefix /66 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:c000::
The prefix /67 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:e000::
The prefix /68 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f000::
The prefix /69 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f800::
The prefix /70 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fc00::
The prefix /71 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fe00::
The prefix /72 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff00::
The prefix /73 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff80::
The prefix /74 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffc0::
The prefix /75 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0::
The prefix /76 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0::
The prefix /77 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff8::
The prefix /78 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffc::
The prefix /79 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe::
The prefix /80 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
The prefix /81 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:8000::
The prefix /82 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:c000::
The prefix /83 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:e000::
The prefix /84 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f000::
The prefix /85 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f800::
The prefix /86 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fc00::
The prefix /87 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fe00::
The prefix /88 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff00::
The prefix /89 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff80::
The prefix /90 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffc0::
The prefix /91 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0::
The prefix /92 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0::
The prefix /93 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff8::
The prefix /94 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffc::
The prefix /95 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe::
The prefix /96 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff::
The prefix /97 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:8000:0
The prefix /98 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:c000:0
The prefix /99 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:e000:0
The prefix /100 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f000:0
The prefix /101 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f800:0
The prefix /102 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fc00:0
The prefix /103 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fe00:0
The prefix /104 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff00:0
The prefix /105 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff80:0
The prefix /106 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffc0:0
The prefix /107 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0:0
The prefix /108 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0:0
The prefix /109 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff8:0
The prefix /110 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffc:0
The prefix /111 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe:0
The prefix /112 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:0
The prefix /113 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:8000
The prefix /114 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:c000
The prefix /115 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:e000
The prefix /116 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f000
The prefix /117 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:f800
The prefix /118 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fc00
The prefix /119 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fe00
The prefix /120 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff00
The prefix /121 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ff80
The prefix /122 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffc0
The prefix /123 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffe0
The prefix /124 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff0
The prefix /125 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fff8
The prefix /126 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffc
The prefix /127 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe
The last prefix /128 is equal to netmask ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff

这意味着，如果用户提供输入（网络掩码）8000::，则regex将验证它是否为valid;如果用户提供输入（网络掩码）800a::，则regex将声明它无效，因为它不在上述网络掩码范围内
这是我得到的当前正则表达式：
1.此输出显示correct，这是正常的

#This is netmask given by user:
ipv6_netmask_given="c000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000" # equal to c000:: and it is inside the range

ipv6_netmask_regex='^([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7}([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})$'
if [[ ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex} ]]; then
  echo "correct"
else
  echo "invalid netmask"
fi

# output: correct

1.此输出显示correct，但显示SHOULD NOT，因为给定的网络掩码cf01::不在网络掩码范围内

# This is netmask given by user:
ipv6_netmask_given="cf01:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000"

ipv6_netmask_regex='^([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4}:){7}([0-9a-fA-F]{1,4})$'
if [[ ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex} ]]; then
  echo "correct"
else
  echo "invalid netmask"
fi

# output: correct
# expected output: invalid netmask

我知道这里的正则表达式太通用了，但我如何确保正则表达式只能接受1到128个IP之间的有效网络掩码？
如果我使用IPv4，我没有问题，因为我可以解决类似的问题，我现在有.例如，这是IPv4正则表达式验证网络掩码，它是工作正常：

'^(128|192|224|240|248|252|254|255)\.0\.0\.0|255\.(0|128|192|224|240|248|252|254|255)\.0\.0|255\.255\.(0|128|192|224|240|248|252|254|255)\.0|255\.255\.255\.(0|128|192|224|240|248|252|254|255)$'

上面的正则表达式接受128.0.0.0到255.255.255.255网络掩码之间的32个IP。因此，它不会接受来自不在子网/网络掩码列表中的用户的子网/网络掩码IP，如128.0.0.1：
但是对于IPv6，如何改进我的正则表达式，使其能够正确验证IPv6子网？
从我上面的问题简单地说：
我如何告诉regex只接受我上面发布的网络掩码范围列表？
谢啦，谢啦

regex

1条答案

按热度按时间
aiazj4mn

aiazj4mn1#

你可以分两步来处理多个需求，这里严格遵守你给出的第一个列表（只有那些匹配的）：

  • 用于确保输入的模式由一系列冒号和F组成，后跟一个“8CEF”，后跟一系列零，可能后跟“：：“或“：0”

第一个月

  • 一种要求冒号出现在固定位置的格式，且只能出现在那里：

^(?:(?:[^:]{4}:){1,6}:|(?:[^:]{4}:){7}(?:0|[^:]{4}))$
因此，您的脚本可能要求输入由两个正则表达式验证：

ipv6_netmask_regex1='^[fF:]*[8cCeEfF]0*(:[0:])?$'
ipv6_netmask_regex2='^(([^:]{4}:){1,6}:|([^:]{4}:){7}(0|[^:]{4}))$'

if [[ ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex1} 
   && ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex2} ]];
then
    # ...etc

下面是允许更多零的工作方式：

ipv6_netmask_regex1='^[fF:]*[8cCeEfF][0:]*$'
ipv6_netmask_regex2='^((([^:]{4}|0{1,4}):){1,6}:|(([^:]{4}|0{1,4}):){7}([^:]{4}|0{1,4}))$'
if [[ ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex1} 
   && ${ipv6_netmask_given} =~ ${ipv6_netmask_regex2} ]]; then
   # etc
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