firebase 使用FCM从服务器发送推送通知

xyhw6mcr 于 2022-12-30 发布在其他

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最近我问了一个关于使用GCM发送推送通知的问题：向Android发送推送通知。现在有了FCM，我想知道它与服务器端开发有何不同。编码方面，它们是一样的吗？我在哪里可以找到从服务器向Android设备发送推送通知的FCM代码示例？
我需要下载任何JAR库来使用Java代码向FCM发送通知吗？向Android发送推送通知中的示例代码显示了使用GCM发送推送通知，并且需要一个服务器端GCM JAR文件。
然而，https://www.quora.com/How-do-I-make-a-post-request-to-a-GCM-server-in-Java-to-push-a-notification-to-the-client-app中的另一个例子显示了使用GCM发送推送通知，并且不需要服务器端GCM JAR文件，因为它只是通过HTTP连接发送。相同的代码可以用于FCM吗？使用的URL是“https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send“。FCM的等效URL是什么？

firebase

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37516589/send-push-notifications-from-server-with-fcm

6条答案

按热度按时间

holgip5t1#

服务器端编码有何不同？*

由于没有太大的区别，你也可以查看GCM的大部分服务器端代码示例。GCM和FCM的主要区别是，当使用FCM时，你可以使用它的新特性（* 如本answer中所提到的 *）。FCM也有一个Console，你可以从那里发送消息/通知，而不需要自己的应用服务器。

**注意：**创建您自己的应用服务器由您决定。只是说明您可以通过控制台发送消息/通知。

使用的URL是“https://android.googleapis.com/gcm/send“。FCM的等效URL是什么？*

FCM的等效URL是https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send。您可以查看此文档以了解更多详细信息。
干杯！：D

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goucqfw62#

使用下面的代码从FCM服务器发送推送通知：

public class PushNotifictionHelper {
    public final static String AUTH_KEY_FCM = "Your api key";
    public final static String API_URL_FCM = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send";

    public static String sendPushNotification(String deviceToken)
            throws IOException {
        String result = "";
        URL url = new URL(API_URL_FCM);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        conn.setUseCaches(false);
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.setDoOutput(true);

        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + AUTH_KEY_FCM);
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

        JSONObject json = new JSONObject();

        json.put("to", deviceToken.trim());
        JSONObject info = new JSONObject();
        info.put("title", "notification title"); // Notification title
        info.put("body", "message body"); // Notification
                                                                // body
        json.put("notification", info);
        try {
            OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(
                    conn.getOutputStream());
            wr.write(json.toString());
            wr.flush();

            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                    (conn.getInputStream())));

            String output;
            System.out.println("Output from Server .... \n");
            while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
                System.out.println(output);
            }
            result = CommonConstants.SUCCESS;
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            result = CommonConstants.FAILURE;
        }
        System.out.println("GCM Notification is sent successfully");

        return result;

}

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xpcnnkqh3#

这是直接来自谷歌
您不需要为升级做任何服务器端协议的更改。服务协议没有更改。但是，请注意，所有新的服务器增强功能都将记录在FCM服务器文档中。
从接收信息，它的接缝，只有一些地方，它只是略有不同。主要是删除一些东西。
FCM服务器文档可以在https://firebase.google.com/docs/cloud-messaging/server中找到

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nwo49xxi4#

主题、单设备和多设备的完整解决方案创建一个类FireMessage。这是一个数据消息的示例。您可以将数据更改为通知。

public class FireMessage {
private final String SERVER_KEY = "YOUR SERVER KEY";
private final String API_URL_FCM = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send";
private JSONObject root;

public FireMessage(String title, String message) throws JSONException {
    root = new JSONObject();
    JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
    data.put("title", title);
    data.put("message", message);
    root.put("data", data);
}

public String sendToTopic(String topic) throws Exception { //SEND TO TOPIC
    System.out.println("Send to Topic");
    root.put("condition", "'"+topic+"' in topics");
    return sendPushNotification(true);
}

public String sendToGroup(JSONArray mobileTokens) throws Exception { // SEND TO GROUP OF PHONES - ARRAY OF TOKENS
    root.put("registration_ids", mobileTokens);
    return sendPushNotification(false);
}

public String sendToToken(String token) throws Exception {//SEND MESSAGE TO SINGLE MOBILE - TO TOKEN
    root.put("to", token);
    return sendPushNotification(false);
}


    private String sendPushNotification(boolean toTopic)  throws Exception {
        URL url = new URL(API_URL_FCM);
        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        conn.setUseCaches(false);
        conn.setDoInput(true);
        conn.setDoOutput(true);
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");

        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + SERVER_KEY);

        System.out.println(root.toString());

        try {
            OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
            wr.write(root.toString());
            wr.flush();

            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( (conn.getInputStream())));

            String output;
            StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
            while ((output = br.readLine()) != null) {
                builder.append(output);
            }
            System.out.println(builder);
            String result = builder.toString();

            JSONObject obj = new JSONObject(result);

            if(toTopic){
                if(obj.has("message_id")){
                    return  "SUCCESS";
                }
           } else {
            int success = Integer.parseInt(obj.getString("success"));
            if (success > 0) {
                return "SUCCESS";
            }
        }

            return builder.toString();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
           return e.getMessage();
        }

    }

}
像这样打电话到任何地方。服务器和安卓都可以用这个。

FireMessage f = new FireMessage("MY TITLE", "TEST MESSAGE");

      //TO SINGLE DEVICE
    /*  String fireBaseToken="c2N_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk";
       f.sendToToken(fireBaseToken); */

    // TO MULTIPLE DEVICE
    /*  JSONArray tokens = new JSONArray();
      tokens.put("c2N_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk");
      tokens.put("c2R_8u1leLY:APA91bFBNFYDARLWC74QmCwziX-YQ68dKLNRyVjE6_sg3zs-dPQRdl1QU9X6p8SkYNN4Zl7y-yxBX5uU0KEKJlam7t7MiKkPErH39iyiHcgBvazffnm6BsKjRCsKf70DE5tS9rIp_HCk");
       f.sendToGroup(tokens);  */

    //TO TOPIC
      String topic="yourTopicName";
       f.sendToTopic(topic);

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ebdffaop5#

我已经为FCM通知服务器创建了一个库。请像GCM库一样使用它。

- 对于FCM服务器，请使用此代码：**

第一个月
FCM Server URL - "fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send"
在https后追加URL
Sender objSender = new Sender(gAPIKey);

- 或**

Sender objSender = new Sender(gAPIKey,"SERVER_URL");
由默认FCM服务器URL指定

Message objMessage = new Message.Builder().collapseKey("From FCMServer").timeToLive(3).delayWhileIdle(false)
                .notification(notification)
                .addData("ShortMessage", "Sh").addData("LongMessage", "Long ")
                .build();
        objMulticastResult = objSender.send(objMessage,clientId, 4);

此库的依赖性需求与GCM lib需求相同（jsonsimple.jar）。
从FCM_Server.jar下载库

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mzaanser6#

public class SendPushNotification extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> {

    private final String FIREBASE_URL = "https://fcm.googleapis.com/fcm/send";
    private final String SERVER_KEY = "REPLACE_YOUR_SERVER_KEY";
    private Context context;
    private String token;

    public SendPushNotification(Context context, String token) {
        this.context = context;
        this.token = token;
    }

    @Override
    protected Void doInBackground(Void... voids) {

        /*{
            "to": "DEVICE_TOKEN",
            "data": {
            "type": "type",
                "title": "Android",
                "message": "Push Notification",
                "data": {
                    "key": "Extra data"
                }
            }
        }*/

        try {
            URL url = new URL(FIREBASE_URL);
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setDoOutput(true);

            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
            connection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "key=" + SERVER_KEY);

            JSONObject root = new JSONObject();
            root.put("to", token);

            JSONObject data = new JSONObject();
            data.put("type", "type");
            data.put("title", "Android");
            data.put("message", "Push Notification");

            JSONObject innerData = new JSONObject();
            innerData.put("key", "Extra data");

            data.put("data", innerData);
            root.put("data", data);
            Log.e("PushNotification", "Data Format: " + root.toString());

            try {
                OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(connection.getOutputStream());
                writer.write(root.toString());
                writer.flush();
                writer.close();

                int responseCode = connection.getResponseCode();
                Log.e("PushNotification", "Request Code: " + responseCode);

                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader((connection.getInputStream())));
                String output;
                StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
                while ((output = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    builder.append(output);
                }
                bufferedReader.close();
                String result = builder.toString();
                Log.e("PushNotification", "Result JSON: " + result);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                Log.e("PushNotification", "Error: " + e.getMessage());
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            Log.e("PushNotification", "Error: " + e.getMessage());
        }

        return null;
    }
}

使用

SendPushNotification sendPushNotification = new SendPushNotification(context, "token");
sendPushNotification.execute();

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firebase 使用FCM从服务器发送推送通知

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