如果传入变量，SQL Server要求您在top的参数两边加上括号：

SELECT TOP (?)

在我们的应用程序中，我们扩展了一个被弃用的SQLServerDialect。在更改为SQLServer2008Dialect后，问题消失了。

将hib升级到5.x版本时遇到了这个问题。必须将“hib.dialect”配置从org. hib.dialect.SQLServerDialect更新为org. hib. dialect. SQLServer 2012 Dialect。修复了这个问题！
Hibernate文档参考：https://docs.jboss.org/hibernate/orm/3.6/reference/en-US/html/session-configuration.html#configuration-programmatic
休眠Jira问题：https://hibernate.atlassian.net/browse/HHH-10032

它也可能是由SQL中的语法错误引起的，我就是这种情况

select * from drivel d where exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and drivel.start_date < '2015-02-05' AND '2015-02-05' < drivel.end_date) OR exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and drivel.start_date < '2015-02-05' AND '2015-02-05' < drivel.end_date) OR exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and '2015-02-05' < drivel.start_date and drivel.end_date < '2015-02-05'

传达了信息
服务器异常：“@P5”附近的语法不正确
问题实际上是结尾缺少平衡的“）”，即正确的版本是

select * from drivel d where exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and drivel.start_date < '2015-02-05' AND '2015-02-05' < drivel.end_date) OR exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and drivel.start_date < '2015-02-05' AND '2015-02-05' < drivel.end_date) OR exists (select * from drivel where d.id = drivel.id and '2015-02-05' < drivel.start_date and drivel.end_date < '2015-02-05')

如果使用自定义数据源，则添加属性：

spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect

在www.example.com中application.properties将无法工作。
您必须将属性作为属性Map添加到数据源Bean中：

@Bean
public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean sqlServerEntityManagerFactory() {
    HashMap<String, String> properties = new HashMap<>();
    properties.put("hibernate.dialect", "org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2012Dialect");

    LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean factoryBean = new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
    factoryBean.setDataSource(sqlServerDataSource());
    factoryBean.setJpaVendorAdapter(new HibernateJpaVendorAdapter());
    factoryBean.setJpaPropertyMap(properties);
    return factoryBean;
}

如果您在spring-boot应用中使用Hibernate，则可以使用以下配置属性设置hibernate.dialect：
spring.jpa.database-platform=org.hibernate.dialect.SQLServer2008Dialect

按以下方式调用过程

@Override
public List<Rep_Holdings> getHoldingsReport(
        int pid
)
{
    List<Rep_Holdings> holdings = null;

    Session sess = sFac.getCurrentSession();
    if (sess != null && pid > 0)
    {
        @SuppressWarnings(
            "rawtypes"
        )
        Query query = sess.createSQLQuery(
                "{CALL GetHoldingsforPF(:pid)}").addEntity(Rep_Holdings.class);
        query.setParameter("pid", pid);

        @SuppressWarnings(
            "rawtypes"
        )
        List result = query.getResultList();
        if (result != null)
        {
            if (result.size() > 0)
            {
                holdings = new ArrayList<Rep_Holdings>();
                for (int i = 0; i < result.size(); i++)
                {
                    Rep_Holdings holding = (Rep_Holdings) result.get(i);
                    holdings.add(holding);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return holdings;
}

SQL Server中的相同过程

ALTER PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetHoldingsforPF]
    @pid int
AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
        -- Insert statements for procedure here

        declare @totalPFInv decimal(15,2);

    set @totalPFInv =  ( select  sum(totalInvestment) from Holdings where pid = @pid );

    Select hid,
           pid,
           scCode,
           numUnits,
           avgPPU,
           adjPPU,
           totalInvestment,
           cast ( (totalInvestment/@totalPFInv)*100 as decimal(10,1)) as perPF,
           totalDiv,
           cast ( (totalDiv/totalInvestment)*100 as decimal(10,1)) as divY
           from Holdings
           where pid = @pid
END