您可以看到所有标志here。
看起来cv2.CAP_OPENCV_MJPEG就是您要找的。
以下测试创建MJPEG合成AVI视频文件，并使用cv2.CAP_OPENCV_MJPEG后端读取视频：

import numpy as np
import cv2

#availableBackends = [cv2.videoio_registry.getBackendName(b) for b in cv2.videoio_registry.getBackends()]
#print(availableBackends)

print('cv2.CAP_OPENCV_MJPEG = ' + str(cv2.CAP_OPENCV_MJPEG))

intput_filename = 'vid.avi'

# Generate synthetic video files to be used as input:
###############################################################################
width, height, n_frames = 640, 480, 100  # 100 frames, resolution 640x480

# Use motion JPEG codec (for testing)
synthetic_out = cv2.VideoWriter(intput_filename, cv2.VideoWriter_fourcc(*'MJPG'), 25, (width, height))

for i in range(n_frames):
    img = np.full((height, width, 3), 60, np.uint8)
    cv2.putText(img, str(i+1), (width//2-100*len(str(i+1)), height//2+100), cv2.FONT_HERSHEY_DUPLEX, 10, (30, 255, 30), 20)  # Green number
    synthetic_out.write(img)

synthetic_out.release()
###############################################################################

# Read the video using CV_MJPEG backend
###############################################################################
cap = cv2.VideoCapture(intput_filename, cv2.CAP_OPENCV_MJPEG)

# Keep iterating break
while True:
    ret, frame = cap.read()  # Read frame from first video

    if ret:
        cv2.imshow('frame', frame)  # Display frame for testing
        cv2.waitKey(100) #Wait 100msec (for debugging)
    else:
        break

cap.release() #Release must be inside the outer loop
###############################################################################