在Powershell中创建多维字符串数组的问题

0pizxfdo 于 2023-01-05 发布在 Shell

关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(166)

我试图构造一个字符串数组的数组，但是如果我创建一个只有一个子数组的数组，它似乎会以某种方式变成字符数组的数组，这是一个问题。
但是如果我传入2个或更多的子数组，无论是硬编码的还是来自变量的，它都会按预期工作
我需要将其传递到一个自定义函数中，然后迭代该函数，但由于单个子数组的奇怪方式，它完全失败
编辑：由于这显然仍然不够容易理解这里的更多信息，还错过了一些测试代码，其中包括4和5测试，我已经修复.
如果您查看测试4a和4b，这是字符串的单个子数组的结果，您可以看到它没有按预期工作，应该发生的是，4a应该与5a相同，4b应该创建一个索引越界异常。
下面是我的测试代码：

$Maps = [string[]]::new(5)
$Maps[0] = 'Ireland'
$Maps[1] = 'Scotland'
$Maps[2] = 'England'
$Maps[3] = 'Germany'
$Maps[4] = 'France'

$Maps2 = [string[]]::new(5)
$Maps2[0] = 'Japan'
$Maps2[1] = 'Crete'
$Maps2[2] = 'USA'
$Maps2[3] = 'Canada'
$Maps2[4] = 'Greece'

$Array = @($Maps)

Write-Host 'These results seem to treat a single variable as character arrays?'

Write-Host Test 1a: $Array[0][0]
Write-Host Test 1a: $Array[0][1]
Write-Host Test 1b: $Array[1][0]
Write-Host Test 1b: $Array[1][1]
Write-Host Test 1c: $Array[2][0]
Write-Host Test 1c: $Array[2][1]

$Array = @($Maps, $Maps2)

Write-Host 'These results seem to create the correct results'

Write-Host Test 2a: $Array[0][0]
Write-Host Test 2a: $Array[0][1]
Write-Host Test 2b: $Array[1][0]
Write-Host Test 2b: $Array[1][1]
Write-Host Test 2c: $Array[2][0]
Write-Host Test 2c: $Array[2][1]

$Array = @($Maps, @('Test1', 'test2'))

Write-Host 'These results seem to create the correct results'

Write-Host Test 3b: $Array[0][0]
Write-Host Test 3b: $Array[0][1]
Write-Host Test 3c: $Array[1][0]
Write-Host Test 3c: $Array[1][1]
Write-Host Test 3d: $Array[2][0]
Write-Host Test 3d: $Array[2][1]

$Array = @(@('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'))

Write-Host 'Same Issue as First Example'

Write-Host Test 4a: $Array[0][0]
Write-Host Test 4a: $Array[0][1]
Write-Host Test 4b: $Array[1][0]
Write-Host Test 4b: $Array[1][1]

$Array = @(@('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'), @('Test1', 'test2'))

Write-Host 'Works as Expected'

Write-Host Test 5a: $Array[0][0]
Write-Host Test 5a: $Array[0][1]
Write-Host Test 5b: $Array[1][0]
Write-Host Test 5b: $Array[1][1]

以下是结果

These results seem to treat a single variable as character arrays?
Test 1a: I
Test 1a: r
Test 1b: S
Test 1b: c
Test 1c: E
Test 1c: n
These results seem to create the correct results
Test 2a: Ireland
Test 2a: Scotland
Test 2b: Japan
Test 2b: Crete
Cannot index into a null array.
At line:34 char:5
+     Write-Host Test 2c: $Array[2][0]
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NullArray

Cannot index into a null array.
At line:35 char:5
+     Write-Host Test 2c: $Array[2][1]
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NullArray

These results seem to create the correct results
Test 3b: Ireland
Test 3b: Scotland
Test 3c: Test1
Test 3c: test2
Cannot index into a null array.
At line:45 char:5
+     Write-Host Test 3d: $Array[2][0]
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NullArray

Cannot index into a null array.
At line:46 char:5
+     Write-Host Test 3d: $Array[2][1]
+     ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : NullArray

Same Issue as First Example
Test 4a: A
Test 4a: v
Test 4b: S
Test 4b: c
Works as Expected
Test 5a: Available Maps
Test 5a: Scotland
Test 5b: Test1
Test 5b: test2

谢啦，谢啦

powershell

来源：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/71460566/issues-creating-multidimensional-array-of-strings-in-powershell

2条答案

按热度按时间

uyto3xhc1#

在示例4a和4b中，如果您希望数组具有2个嵌套数组，则可以使用内部空数组子表达式运算符@()：

$Array = @(@(), @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'))
$Array[0]    # => Is an empty `System.Array`
$Array[1]    # => Is the populated `System.Array`
$Array[1][0] # => Available Maps

如果希望上面的示例抛出一个 out of bounds 异常，则应使用$null：

$Array = @($null, @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'))
$Array[0]    # => Is `$null`
$Array[0][0] # => Is Out of Bounds
$Array[1]    # => Is the populated `System.Array`
$Array[1][0] # => Available Maps

使用逗号操作符,，您可以在父数组的**index 0**处创建嵌套数组：

$Array = @(, @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'))
$Array[0]    # => Is the populated `System.Array`
$Array[0][0] # => Available Maps
$Array[1][0] # => Is Out of Bounds

请注意，在所有这些示例中，不需要父@()，PowerShell可以动态地为您假设这一点：

$Array = @(), @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France')
$Array = $null, @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France')
$Array = , @('Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France')

就我个人而言，我认为hash tables更适合于此。例如，第一个代码片段将是：

$hash = @{
    Array0 = @()
    Array1 = 'Available Maps', 'Scotland', 'England', 'Germany', 'France'
}

$hash['array0']    # => Is an empty `System.Array`
$hash['array1']    # => Is the populated `System.Array`
$hash['array1'][0] # => Available Maps

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2023-01-05

c6ubokkw2#

总的来说，我不明白为什么人们更喜欢使用哈希表（键+值）或嵌套对象（多个信息）而不是简单的老式数组（只有值）-也许我有点过时了？
$collection包含多个$item，每个$item都有多个键+值。

Foreach ($item in $collection) {
    [array]$arrayOfIdentifiers += ,@($item.Id,$item.Name)
}

$arrayIdentifier将是一个很好的简单的经典数组，具有两列和多行，可通过以下方式访问：

$arrayOfIdentifiers[0][0]
$arrayOfIdentifiers[0][1]
$arrayOfIdentifiers[1][0]
$arrayOfIdentifiers[1][1]
[...]
$arrayOfIdentifiers[n][n]

PowerShell创建和添加数组的方式与其他语言相比非常粗糙。

赞(0）回复(0）举报 2023-01-05

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在Powershell中创建多维字符串数组的问题

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