Heroku/Django部署：为什么在成功部署和静态收集时出现错误500？

x4shl7ld  于 2023-01-05  发布在  Go
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(115)

几个月来，我一直在努力在Heroku上部署我的第一个Django站点。我用git push heroku master成功地构建了站点，用heroku run python manage.py collectstatic --noinput成功地收集了静态文件。但是当DEBUG = config('DEBUG', default=False, cast=bool)时，我无法让站点在没有错误500的情况下运行。当DEBUG设置为True时，站点可以运行（虽然我必须弄清楚如何让数据库工作）。我认为我的允许主机设置正确。我在SO上找到的所有答案都不能完全解决我的问题。
我从this answer添加了日志记录，这给了我更多的日志信息，但我不明白为什么静态文件不可用，当我能够成功地收集它们？

2018-12-09T16:24:38.181428+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173376+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173419+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173421+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173423+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))

我显然错过了很多，任何指导将是最感激的。
编辑添加：

settings.py

import os
import dj_database_url
from decouple import config

# Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))

# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/deployment/checklist/

# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = config('SECRET_KEY')

# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = config('DEBUG', default=False, cast=bool)

ALLOWED_HOSTS = [
    'localhost',
    '127.0.0.1',
    'tallymusic.herokuapp.com',
    '.tallymusic.net'
]

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
    # user-created apps
    'concerts',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

ROOT_URLCONF = 'tallymusic.urls'

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tallymusic.wsgi.application'

# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
    'default': dj_database_url.config(
        default=config('DATABASE_URL')
    )
}
""" # dev
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}
"""

# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators

AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
    },
    {
        'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
    },
]

# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'EST'
USE_I18N = True
USE_L10N = True
USE_TZ = True

# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/1.11/howto/static-files/
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')
STATIC_URL = '/assets/'
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets'),
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/css'),
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/images'),
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'assets/js'),
)

STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

# https://stackoverflow.com/questions/15128135/setting-debug-false-causes-500-error
LOGGING = {
    'version': 1,
    'disable_existing_loggers': False,
    'formatters': {
        'verbose': {
            'format' : "[%(asctime)s] %(levelname)s [%(name)s:%(lineno)s] %(message)s",
            'datefmt' : "%d/%b/%Y %H:%M:%S"
        },
        'simple': {
            'format': '%(levelname)s %(message)s'
        },
    },
    'handlers': {
        'file': {
            'level': 'DEBUG',
            'class': 'logging.FileHandler',
            'filename': 'mysite.log',
            'formatter': 'verbose'
        },
    },
    'loggers': {
        'django': {
            'handlers':['file'],
            'propagate': True,
            'level':'DEBUG',
        },
        'MYAPP': {
            'handlers': ['file'],
            'level': 'DEBUG',
        },
    }
}

更多日志

2018-12-09T16:24:14.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build started by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:29.581094+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Restarting
2018-12-09T16:24:29.581759+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from up to starting
2018-12-09T16:24:30.254016+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:30 +0000] [4] [INFO] Handling signal: term
2018-12-09T16:24:30.254190+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 11:24:30 +0000] [11] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 11)
2018-12-09T16:24:30.255609+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 11:24:30 +0000] [12] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 12)
2018-12-09T16:24:30.297433+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:30 +0000] [4] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
2018-12-09T16:24:30.245505+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Stopping all processes with SIGTERM
2018-12-09T16:24:30.366997+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Process exited with status 0
2018-12-09T16:24:29.201161+00:00 app[api]: Deploy eff240d7 by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:29.201161+00:00 app[api]: Release v23 created by user ME
2018-12-09T16:24:34.427399+00:00 heroku[web.1]: Starting process with command `gunicorn tallymusic.wsgi --log-file -`
2018-12-09T16:24:36.000000+00:00 app[api]: Build succeeded
2018-12-09T16:24:37.293769+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 19.9.0
2018-12-09T16:24:37.294491+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Listening at: http://0.0.0.0:3342 (4)
2018-12-09T16:24:37.296193+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [4] [INFO] Using worker: sync
2018-12-09T16:24:37.315139+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [11] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 11
2018-12-09T16:24:37.380085+00:00 app[web.1]: [2018-12-09 16:24:37 +0000] [12] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 12
2018-12-09T16:24:38.181428+00:00 heroku[web.1]: State changed from starting to up
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173376+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173419+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173421+00:00 app[web.1]: /app/.heroku/python/lib/python2.7/site-packages/whitenoise/base.py:104: UserWarning: No directory at: /app/staticfiles/
2018-12-09T16:24:39.173423+00:00 app[web.1]: warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))
heroku

2条答案

按热度按时间
ukdjmx9f

ukdjmx9f1#

您很可能已经解决了问题，但这是为将来遇到问题的其他人准备的。
大多数网站和人们说你需要在settings.py中更新ALLOWED_HOSTS，如下所示：['www.beta800.net', '127.0.0.1']（或['*']，用于快速测试，不用于生产）。
对我来说，这并没有解决问题，尽管无论如何更新ALLOWED_HOSTS都很重要。我的问题是我的应用缺少静态文件夹。如果日志记录显示类似以下的错误：UserWarning: No directory at:/app/static/ warnings.warn(u'No directory at: {}'.format(root))这也是您的应用中的问题。如果是这种情况，请按照以下步骤操作：
1.在本地将settings.py中的DEBUG属性更改为True。
1.确保在settings.py中设置了以下属性：

# The URL to use when referring to static files (where they will be served from)
STATIC_URL = '/static/'

# The absolute path to the directory where collectstatic will collect static files for deployment.
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'staticfiles')

# Extra places for collectstatic to find static files.
STATICFILES_DIRS = (
    os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static'),
)

# Simplified static file serving.
# https://warehouse.python.org/project/whitenoise/
STATICFILES_STORAGE = 'whitenoise.storage.CompressedManifestStaticFilesStorage'

1.在本地，将名为static的文件夹添加到根文件夹。
1.在本地运行python manage.py collectstatic，这将在应用的根文件夹中创建另一个名为staticfiles的文件夹。
1.现在，您可以将settings.py中的DEBUG属性设置为False并部署您的应用。

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-01-05
xkftehaa

xkftehaa2#

您很可能已经解决了这个问题，但是对于未来的用户，您很可能没有将您的staticfiles目录包含在您的repo中，并且您的主机saas不会为您运行它，所以您要么-将您的staticfiles提交到您的repo中;这是不可取的。-创建一个在部署时运行的命令脚本，并在其中包含creatstatic。-如果主机服务有Heroku这样的控制台，您可以在那里运行它。-将您的主机连接到您的本地控制台，并查看他们的文档以了解如何在您的部署环境中运行py命令

赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-01-05
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