更新：Expo v32.0.0及更高版本
Expo init正在为您创建一个babel.config.js。只需将plugins密钥添加到您的babel.config.js文件并添加您的别名。不再需要env密钥。

module.exports = function(api) {
  api.cache(true)

  return {
    presets: ['babel-preset-expo'],
    plugins: [
      [
        'module-resolver',
        {
          alias: {
            assets: './assets',
            components: './src/components',
            modules: './src/modules',
            lib: './src/lib',
            types: './src/types',
            constants: './src/constants',
          },
        },
      ],
    ],
  }
}

更新：Expo.io SDK v20.0.0的变更
从SDK v20.0.0开始，您可以使用常规的巴别塔博览会预设

{
  "presets": ["babel-preset-expo"],
  "env": {
    "development": {
      "plugins": ["transform-react-jsx-source"]
    }
  },
  "plugins": [
    ["module-resolver", {
      "alias": {
        "alias-name": "./app",
      }
    }]
  ]
}

Expo.io v19.0.0及之前版本
如果没有root-元素，分隔plugins并将presets更改为babel-preset-react-native-stage-0/decorator-support，则别名对我来说是有效的。
在Expo.io版本16.0.0上使用www.example.com
在世博会论坛上找到了这个：https://forums.expo.io/t/relative-paths-with-expo/654/3
你能证明这对你的案子也有效吗？

{
  "presets": ["babel-preset-react-native-stage-0/decorator-support"],
  "env": {
    "development": {
      "plugins": ["transform-react-jsx-source"]
    }
  },
  "plugins": [
    ["module-resolver", {
      "alias": {
        "alias-name": "./app",
      }
    }]
  ]
}

对于最新的expo用户（sdk版本〉= 32）。
只需在babel.config.js中添加plugins属性（在项目根目录中找到此文件）。

module.exports = function (api) {
  api.cache(true);
  return {
    presets: ['babel-preset-expo'],
    plugins: [
      [
        'module-resolver',
        {
          alias: {
            'alias-name': './src/assets/bla/bla',
          },
        },
      ],
    ],
  };
};

经过一段时间的尝试，我可以解决以下.babelrc的问题：

{
  "presets": ["babel-preset-react-native-stage-0/decorator-support"],
  "env": {
    "development": {
      "plugins": ["transform-react-jsx-source"]
    }
  },
  "plugins": [
    ["module-resolver", {
      "alias": {
        "react-native-vector-icons": "@expo/vector-icons",
        "@expo/vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set": "react-native-vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set",
        "@expo/vector-icons/lib/icon-button": "react-native-vector-icons/lib/icon-button",
        "@expo/vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set-from-fontello": "react-native-vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set-from-fontello",
        "@expo/vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set-from-icomoon": "react-native-vector-icons/lib/create-icon-set-from-icomoon",
        "@expo/vector-icons/lib/icon-button": "react-native-vector-icons/lib/icon-button",
        "@expo/vector-icons/glyphmaps": "react-native-vector-icons/glyphmaps",
        "$components": "./app/components",
        "$config": "./app/config",
        "$helpers": "./app/helpers",
        "$navigators": "./app/navigators",
        "$reducers": "./app/reducers",
        "$screens": "./app/screens",
        "$images": "./assets/images",
        "$fonts": "./assets/fonts",
        "$icons": "./assets/icons",
        "$videos": "./assets/videos",
      }
    }]
  ]
}

我把babel-preset-expo的内容拷贝到我的.babelrc上，这不是最好的解决方案......但是可以正常工作。
更多详情here

./src
 |- package.json
 |- Bar/
 |   `- index.js
 `- Foo.js

package.json

{
  "name": "~" // whatever u want
}

那么

import { Foo } from "~/Foo";
import { Bar } from "~/Bar";
// ...

在Laszlo Schurg's answer的版本中，以防有人在 typescript 中遇到同样的问题。
如果您正在使用Typescript，则还需要将其添加到tsconfig中

"compilerOptions": {
  ...
  "baseUrl": ".",
  "paths": {
    "@src/*": ["./src/*"],
    "@assets/*": ["./assets/*"]
  }
},

这是我对babel.config的配置

plugins: [
  ...
  [
    "module-resolver",
    {
      alias: {
        "@assets": "./assets",
        "@src": "./src",
      },
    },
  ],
],

我同意这个建议：
在您的tsconfig.json中：

<pre>
     <code>
{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "baseUrl": "./app",
    "paths": {
      "Components": ["components/*"]
    }
  },
  "include": ["app"]
}
     </code>
  </pre>

vite.config.ts解析可能如下所示：

<pre>
    <code>
resolve: {
    alias: {
      "Components": "app/components",
    }
}
    </code>
 </pre>

只是简单的让你.babelrc简单这样：

{
  "presets": ["babel-preset-expo"],
  "env": {
    "development": {
      "plugins": ["transform-react-jsx-source"]
    }
  }
}

并像这样导入：

import Entypo from '@expo/vector-icons/Entypo';