如何在Scrapy中加速python请求?

brgchamk  于 2023-01-09  发布在  Python
关注(0)|答案(1)|浏览(124)

我刮这个网站https://www.saksfifthavenue.com/c/women-s-apparel。有各种产品变体为每个产品一样的变化大小和颜色以及可用性每个变体,但不是所有在一个地方,我必须发送一个额外的请求到自定义网址,其中包括prod_idcolorsize这是我失去scrapy速度的地方,因为这些额外的请求使scrapy非常慢,
我想有一个变通办法,因为我有一个要求,以完成刮刀在6小时内,所以现在它已经超过5小时,只有3 k产品已被刮掉,由于这些变化的请求处理一个接一个。我想加快事情,例如处理这些额外的请求更快。以下是我的代码:

import scrapy
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import requests
from scrapy.selector import Selector
import re
import json
import html

class SaksFifthAvenueSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "safa-feeds"

    # custom settings
    custom_settings = {
        "LOG_FILE": "saks_fifth_avenue.log",
        "ITEM_PIPELINES": {
            "sdt.pipelines.SdtWasabiS3Pipeline": 300,
        },
    }

    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:108.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/108.0",
        "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
        "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
        "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
        "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
        "Sec-Fetch-Site": "cross-site",
        "Sec-GPC": "1",
    }

    params = {
        "cgid": "",
        "start": "0",
        "sz": "24",
        "hideLess": "true",
    }

    base_url = "https://www.saksfifthavenue.com/on/demandware.store/Sites-SaksFifthAvenue-Site/en_US/Search-UpdateGrid?"

    def start_requests(self):
        cgid_list = [
            "2534374306418048",
            "2534374306624247",
            "2534374306622828",
            "1608313652004",
            "2534374306418050",
            "2534374306418162",
            "2534374306418054",
            "1654108780232",
            "2534374306418205",
            "2534374306418206",
            "2534374306418217",
            "2534374306418192",
            "1608313652004",
            "2534374306418053",
        ]
        for cgid in cgid_list:
            self.params["cgid"] = cgid
            category_url = self.base_url + urlencode(self.params)
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=category_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
            )

    def parse_page_items(self, response):
        item_links = set(
            [
                "https://www.saksfifthavenue.com" + u.split("?")[0]
                for u in response.css("a.thumb-link.mw-100::attr(href)").extract()
            ]
        )
        inner_load = response.css("div.show-more ::attr(data-url)").get()
        if inner_load:
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=inner_load, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
            )
        # next_page_no = response.css('a[aria-label="Next"]::attr(href)').get()
        # if next_page_no:
        #     self.params["start"] = next_page_no.split("&")[0].split("=")[-1]
        #     next_url = self.base_url + urlencode(self.params)
        #     yield scrapy.Request(
        #         url=next_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
        #     )

        for link in item_links:
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=link, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_product_details
            )

    def parse_product_details(self, response):
        item = {}
        json_text = (
            response.css('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
            .get()
            .replace('<script type="application/ld+json">', "")
            .replace("</script>", "")
        )
        json_blob = json.loads(json_text)
        prod_id = response.css("div.container.product-detail::attr(data-pid)").get()
        colors = response.css("button::attr(data-adobelaunchproductcolor)").extract()
        sizes = response.css("li::attr(data-attr-value)").extract()
        item["product_id"] = prod_id
        item["product_brand"] = response.css("a.product-brand::text").get()
        item["product_name"] = response.css("h1.product-name::text").get()
        json_breadcrumbs_text = (
            response.css('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
            .extract()[-1]
            .replace('<script type="application/ld+json">', "")
            .replace("</script>", "")
        )
        bc_json_blob = json.loads(json_breadcrumbs_text)
        item["categories"] = [
            {f"category_{idx}": cat["name"]}
            for idx, cat in enumerate(bc_json_blob["itemListElement"], 1)
        ]
        item["slug"] = json_blob["offers"]["url"].split(".com")[-1]
        desc = json_blob["description"]
        item["description"] = re.sub("<[^<]+?>", " ", html.unescape(desc))
        item["product_variants"] = []
        item["color"] = response.css(
            "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
        ).get()
        item["sizes"] = []
        for color in colors:
            for i_size in sizes:
                variant_url = (
                    response.url
                    + "?dwvar_"
                    + prod_id
                    + "_color="
                    + color.upper()
                    + "&dwvar_"
                    + prod_id
                    + f"_size={i_size}&pid="
                    + prod_id
                )
                resp = requests.get(variant_url, headers=self.headers)
                product_variants = Selector(text=resp.text)
                size = "".join(
                    list(
                        filter(
                            None,
                            [
                                s.replace("\n", "")
                                for s in product_variants.css("li")
                                .css("[selected] ::text")
                                .extract()
                            ],
                        )
                    )
                )
                disabled = (
                    product_variants.css("li")
                    .css("[disabled]")
                    .css("[selected] ::text")
                    .getall()
                )
                final_price = ""
                final_price = product_variants.css(
                    "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price::text"
                ).get()
                if final_price is None:
                    final_price = product_variants.css(
                        "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-sale-price::text"
                    ).get()
                try:
                    old_price = product_variants.css(
                        "span.formatted_price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price ::text"
                    ).get()
                except:
                    old_price = ""

                if not disabled:
                    item["product_variants"].append(
                        {
                            "color": product_variants.css(
                                "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
                            ).get(),
                            "size": size,
                            "status": "AVAILABLE",
                            "final_price": final_price,
                            "old_price": old_price,
                        }
                    )
                else:
                    item["product_variants"].append(
                        {
                            "color": product_variants.css(
                                "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
                            ).get(),
                            "size": size,
                            "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE",
                            "final_price": final_price,
                            "old_price": old_price,
                        }
                    )

        if item["product_variants"] == []:
            size_selector = response.css(
                "ul.radio-group-list.size-attribute.swatch-display-three.show-size-dropdown"
            )
            for s in size_selector.css("li"):
                all_size_var = s.css("::text").getall()
                if not s.css("[disabled]"):
                    available = all_size_var
                    clean = list(filter(None, [c.replace("\n", "") for c in available]))
                    for out_si in clean:
                        item["sizes"].append({"size": out_si, "status": "AVAILABLE"})
                else:
                    out_of_stock = all_size_var
                    clean = list(
                        filter(None, [c.replace("\n", "") for c in out_of_stock])
                    )
                    for in_si in clean:
                        item["sizes"].append({"size": in_si, "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE"})

        if item["product_variants"] == [] and item["sizes"] == []:
            if response.css("div.form-group.show-size-dropdown-holder"):
                size_dropdown = response.css(
                    "ul.radio-group-list.size-attribute.swatch-display-three ::text"
                ).extract()
                clean_sizes = list(
                    filter(None, [s.replace("\n", "") for s in size_dropdown])
                )

                for dd_si in clean_sizes:
                    variant_url = (
                        response.url
                        + "?dwvar_"
                        + prod_id
                        + "_color="
                        + item["color"].upper()
                        + "&dwvar_"
                        + prod_id
                        + f"_size={dd_si}&pid="
                        + prod_id
                    )
                    resp = requests.get(variant_url, headers=self.headers)
                    product_variants = Selector(text=resp.text)
                    size = "".join(
                        list(
                            filter(
                                None,
                                [
                                    s.replace("\n", "")
                                    for s in product_variants.css("li")
                                    .css("[selected] ::text")
                                    .extract()
                                ],
                            )
                        )
                    )
                    disabled = (
                        product_variants.css("li")
                        .css("[disabled]")
                        .css("[selected] ::text")
                        .getall()
                    )
                    final_price = ""
                    final_price = product_variants.css(
                        "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price::text"
                    ).get()
                    if final_price is None:
                        final_price = product_variants.css(
                            "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-sale-price::text"
                        ).get()
                    try:
                        old_price = product_variants.css(
                            "span.formatted_price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price ::text"
                        ).get()
                    except:
                        old_price = ""

                    if not disabled:
                        item["product_variants"].append(
                            {
                                "color": item["color"],
                                "size": size,
                                "status": "AVAILABLE",
                                "final_price": final_price,
                                "old_price": old_price,
                            }
                        )
                    else:
                        item["product_variants"].append(
                            {
                                "color": item["color"],
                                "size": size,
                                "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE",
                                "final_price": final_price,
                                "old_price": old_price,
                            }
                        )

        item["gender"] = ""
        bc_li = [b["name"] for b in bc_json_blob["itemListElement"]]

        if "Women's Clothing" in bc_li:
            item["gender"] = "Female"
        elif "Men" in bc_li or "Men's" in bc_li:
            item["gender"] = "Male"
        else:
            item["gender"] = "Female"
        if (
            "Kids" in bc_li
            and any("Boys" in s for s in bc_li)
            or any("Baby Boy" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Boy"
        elif (
            "Kids" in bc_li
            and any("Girls" in s for s in bc_li)
            or any("Baby Girl" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Girl"

        elif (
            any("Kids" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Baby Girl" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Baby Boy" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Boys" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Girls" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Kids"

        elif any("Accessories" in s for s in bc_li):
            item["gender"] = ""

        else:
            item["gender"] = ""

        price_json_text = (
            response.css('script[type="text/javascript"]')
            .extract()[2]
            .replace('<script type="text/javascript">\npageDataObj = ', "")
            .replace(";\n</script>", "")
        )
        price_json_blob = json.loads(price_json_text)
        item["tag"] = price_json_blob["products"][0]["tags"]["feature_type"]
        item["price"] = [
            {
                "original_price": p["original_price"],
                "price": p["price"],
                "currency": json_blob["offers"]["priceCurrency"],
            }
            for p in price_json_blob["products"]
        ]
        item["images"] = json_blob["image"]

        yield item

请任何人有任何提示或建议,如何优化在scrapy的python请求?提前感谢!

dwbf0jvd

dwbf0jvd1#

正如评论中提到的,可以提高性能的一个方面是消除requests库的使用,而是将每个产品变体的所有附加请求反馈回scrappy引擎。
你可以把所有的变量urls收集到一个列表中,并把这个列表作为参数传递给回调方法,回调方法专门解析变量页面中的变量信息,然后用下一个变量url回调,直到没有变量。
我使用这个策略对不同大小的请求子集进行了多次测试,它始终检索到与代码相同数量的条目,但所用时间不到一半。
代码:

import scrapy
from urllib.parse import urlencode
import re
import json
import html

class SaksFifthAvenueSpider(scrapy.Spider):
    name = "safa-feeds"

    # custom settings
    custom_settings = {
        "LOG_FILE": "saks_fifth_avenue1.log",
        "ITEM_PIPELINES": {
            "sdt.pipelines.SdtWasabiS3Pipeline": 300,
        },
    }

    headers = {
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64; rv:108.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/108.0",
        "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8",
        "Accept-Language": "en-US,en;q=0.5",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
        "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "document",
        "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "navigate",
        "Sec-Fetch-Site": "cross-site",
        "Sec-GPC": "1",
    }

    params = {
        "cgid": "",
        "start": "0",
        "sz": "24",
        "hideLess": "true",
    }

    base_url = "https://www.saksfifthavenue.com/on/demandware.store/Sites-SaksFifthAvenue-Site/en_US/Search-UpdateGrid?"

    def start_requests(self):
        cgid_list = [
            "2534374306418048",
            "2534374306624247",
            "2534374306622828",
            "1608313652004",
            "2534374306418050",
            "2534374306418162",
            "2534374306418054",
            "1654108780232",
            "2534374306418205",
            "2534374306418206",
            "2534374306418217",
            "2534374306418192",
            "1608313652004",
            "2534374306418053",
        ]
        for i, cgid in enumerate(cgid_list):
            self.params["cgid"] = cgid
            category_url = self.base_url + urlencode(self.params)
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=category_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
            )

    def parse_page_items(self, response):
        item_links = set(
            [
                "https://www.saksfifthavenue.com" + u.split("?")[0]
                for u in response.css("a.thumb-link.mw-100::attr(href)").extract()
            ]
        )
        inner_load = response.css("div.show-more ::attr(data-url)").get()
        if inner_load:
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=inner_load, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
            )
        # next_page_no = response.css('a[aria-label="Next"]::attr(href)').get()
        # if next_page_no:
        #     self.params["start"] = next_page_no.split("&")[0].split("=")[-1]
        #     next_url = self.base_url + urlencode(self.params)
        #     yield scrapy.Request(
        #         url=next_url, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_page_items
        #     )

        for i, link in enumerate(item_links):
            yield scrapy.Request(
                url=link, headers=self.headers, callback=self.parse_product_details
            )

    def parse_product_details(self, response):
        item = {}
        json_text = (
            response.css('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
            .get()
            .replace('<script type="application/ld+json">', "")
            .replace("</script>", "")
        )
        json_blob = json.loads(json_text)
        prod_id = response.css("div.container.product-detail::attr(data-pid)").get()
        colors = response.css("button::attr(data-adobelaunchproductcolor)").extract()
        sizes = response.css("li::attr(data-attr-value)").extract()
        item["product_id"] = prod_id
        item["product_brand"] = response.css("a.product-brand::text").get()
        item["product_name"] = response.css("h1.product-name::text").get()
        json_breadcrumbs_text = (
            response.css('script[type="application/ld+json"]')
            .extract()[-1]
            .replace('<script type="application/ld+json">', "")
            .replace("</script>", "")
        )
        bc_json_blob = json.loads(json_breadcrumbs_text)
        item["categories"] = [
            {f"category_{idx}": cat["name"]}
            for idx, cat in enumerate(bc_json_blob["itemListElement"], 1)
        ]
        item["slug"] = json_blob["offers"]["url"].split(".com")[-1]
        desc = json_blob["description"]
        item["description"] = re.sub("<[^<]+?>", " ", html.unescape(desc))
        item["product_variants"] = []
        item["color"] = response.css(
            "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
        ).get()
        item["sizes"] = []
        item["gender"] = ""
        bc_li = [b["name"] for b in bc_json_blob["itemListElement"]]

        if "Women's Clothing" in bc_li:
            item["gender"] = "Female"
        elif "Men" in bc_li or "Men's" in bc_li:
            item["gender"] = "Male"
        else:
            item["gender"] = "Female"
        if (
            "Kids" in bc_li
            and any("Boys" in s for s in bc_li)
            or any("Baby Boy" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Boy"
        elif (
            "Kids" in bc_li
            and any("Girls" in s for s in bc_li)
            or any("Baby Girl" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Girl"

        elif (
            any("Kids" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Baby Girl" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Baby Boy" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Boys" in s for s in bc_li)
            and not any("Girls" in s for s in bc_li)
        ):
            item["gender"] = "Kids"

        elif any("Accessories" in s for s in bc_li):
            item["gender"] = ""

        else:
            item["gender"] = ""

        price_json_text = (
            response.css('script[type="text/javascript"]')
            .extract()[2]
            .replace('<script type="text/javascript">\npageDataObj = ', "")
            .replace(";\n</script>", "")
        )
        price_json_blob = json.loads(price_json_text)
        item["tag"] = price_json_blob["products"][0]["tags"]["feature_type"]
        item["price"] = [
            {
                "original_price": p["original_price"],
                "price": p["price"],
                "currency": json_blob["offers"]["priceCurrency"],
            }
            for p in price_json_blob["products"]
        ]
        variant_urls = []
        for color in colors:
            for i_size in sizes:
                variant_url = (
                    response.url
                    + "?dwvar_"
                    + prod_id
                    + "_color="
                    + color.upper()
                    + "&dwvar_"
                    + prod_id
                    + f"_size={i_size}&pid="
                    + prod_id
                )
                variant_urls.append(variant_url)
        item["images"] = json_blob["image"]
        size_selector = response.css(
                "ul.radio-group-list.size-attribute.swatch-display-three.show-size-dropdown"
            )
        if size_selector:
            for s in size_selector.css("li"):
                all_size_var = s.css("::text").getall()
                if not s.css("[disabled]"):
                    available = all_size_var
                    clean = list(filter(None, [c.replace("\n", "") for c in available]))
                    for out_si in clean:
                        item["sizes"].append({"size": out_si, "status": "AVAILABLE"})
                else:
                    out_of_stock = all_size_var
                    clean = list(
                        filter(None, [c.replace("\n", "") for c in out_of_stock])
                    )
                    for in_si in clean:
                        item["sizes"].append({"size": in_si, "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE"})
        clean_sizes_urls = []
        if response.css("div.form-group.show-size-dropdown-holder"):
            size_dropdown = response.css(
                "ul.radio-group-list.size-attribute.swatch-display-three ::text"
            ).extract()
            clean_sizes = list(
                filter(None, [s.replace("\n", "") for s in size_dropdown])
            )
            for dd_si in clean_sizes:
                if item["color"]:
                    variant_url = (
                        response.url
                        + "?dwvar_"
                        + prod_id
                        + "_color="
                        + item["color"].upper()
                        + "&dwvar_"
                        + prod_id
                        + f"_size={dd_si}&pid="
                        + prod_id
                    )
                    clean_sizes_urls.append(variant_url)
        if variant_urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(variant_urls[0], headers=self.headers, cb_kwargs={"item": item, "variant_urls": variant_urls[1:], "clean_sizes_urls": clean_sizes_urls}, callback=self.parse_product_variants)
        elif clean_sizes_urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(clean_sizes_urls[0], headers=self.headers, cb_kwargs={"item": item, "clean_sizes_urls": clean_sizes_urls[1:]}, callback=self.parse_clean_sizes)
        else:
            yield item

    def parse_product_variants(
        self, response, item, variant_urls, clean_sizes_urls):
        size = "".join(
            list(
                filter(
                    None,
                    [
                        s.replace("\n", "")
                        for s in response.css("li")
                        .css("[selected] ::text")
                        .extract()
                    ],
                )
            )
        )
        disabled = (
            response.css("li")
            .css("[disabled]")
            .css("[selected] ::text")
            .getall()
        )
        final_price = ""
        final_price = response.css(
            "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price::text"
        ).get()
        if final_price is None:
            final_price = response.css(
                "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-sale-price::text"
            ).get()
        try:
            old_price = response.css(
                "span.formatted_price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price ::text"
            ).get()
        except:
            old_price = ""

        if not disabled:
            item["product_variants"].append(
                {
                    "color": response.css(
                        "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
                    ).get(),
                    "size": size,
                    "status": "AVAILABLE",
                    "final_price": final_price,
                    "old_price": old_price,
                }
            )
        else:
            item["product_variants"].append(
                {
                    "color": response.css(
                        "span.text2.color-value.attribute-displayValue::text"
                    ).get(),
                    "size": size,
                    "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE",
                    "final_price": final_price,
                    "old_price": old_price,
                }
            )
        if len(variant_urls) > 0:
            yield scrapy.Request(variant_urls[0], headers=self.headers, cb_kwargs={"item": item, "variant_urls": variant_urls[1:], "clean_sizes_urls": clean_sizes_urls}, callback=self.parse_product_variants)
        elif len(clean_sizes_urls) > 0:
            yield scrapy.Request(clean_sizes_urls[0], headers=self.headers, cb_kwargs={"item": item, "clean_sizes_urls": clean_sizes_urls[1:]}, callback=self.parse_clean_sizes)
        else:
            yield item

    def parse_clean_sizes(self, response, item, clean_sizes_urls):
        size = "".join(
            list(
                filter(
                    None,
                    [
                        s.replace("\n", "")
                        for s in response.css("li")
                        .css("[selected] ::text")
                        .extract()
                    ],
                )
            )
        )
        disabled = (
            response.css("li")
            .css("[disabled]")
            .css("[selected] ::text")
            .getall()
        )
        final_price = ""
        final_price = response.css(
            "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price::text"
        ).get()
        if final_price is None:
            final_price = response.css(
                "span.formatted_sale_price.formatted_price.js-final-sale-price.bfx-price.bfx-sale-price::text"
            ).get()
        try:
            old_price = response.css(
                "span.formatted_price.bfx-price.bfx-list-price ::text"
            ).get()
        except:
            old_price = ""

        if not disabled:
            item["product_variants"].append(
                {
                    "color": item["color"],
                    "size": size,
                    "status": "AVAILABLE",
                    "final_price": final_price,
                    "old_price": old_price,
                }
            )
        else:
            item["product_variants"].append(
                {
                    "color": item["color"],
                    "size": size,
                    "status": "NOT_AVAILABLE",
                    "final_price": final_price,
                    "old_price": old_price,
                }
            )
        if len(clean_sizes_urls) > 0:
            yield scrapy.Request(clean_sizes_urls[0], headers=self.headers, cb_kwargs={"item": item, "clean_sizes_urls": clean_sizes_urls[1:]}, callback=self.parse_clean_sizes)
        else:
            yield item

注意:尚未使用您的渠道进行测试

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