可以使用setdiff，它将取所有type（长度为2，只有"cat"和"dog"）的向量与给定行的type之间的差，根据需要，还有其他方法可以实现这一点。

library(tidyverse)

df %>%
  rowwise() %>%
  mutate(mutated = ifelse(value == 0, setdiff(unique(df$type), type), "-"))

• • 产出**

type  value mutated
  <chr> <dbl> <chr>  
1 cat       1 -      
2 dog       0 cat    
3 cat       1 -      
4 cat       1 -      
5 cat       1 -      
6 dog       0 cat

您可以使用以下代码：

library(tidyverse)
df %>%
  mutate(mutated = ifelse(value == 0, "cat", "-"))

输出：

# A tibble: 6 × 3
  type  value mutated
  <chr> <dbl> <chr>  
1 cat       1 -      
2 dog       0 cat    
3 cat       1 -      
4 cat       1 -      
5 cat       1 -      
6 dog       0 cat

您的数据

dput(df)
structure(list(type = c("cat", "dog", "cat", "cat", "cat", "dog"
), value = c(1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0)), class = c("tbl_df", "tbl", "data.frame"
), row.names = c(NA, -6L))