kubectl describe不支持-o或等效项。它应该是人类可读的，而不是脚本友好的。您可以使用kubectl get pods -l <selector_of_your_rc> -o <output_format>实现您所描述的内容，例如：

$ kubectl get pods -l app=guestbook,tier=frontend -o name
pod/frontend-a4kjz
pod/frontend-am1ua
pod/frontend-yz2dq

在我的例子中，我需要从服务获得负载平衡器地址，我使用kubectl get service：

$ kubectl -n <namespace> -ojson get service <service>

{
    "apiVersion": "v1",
    "kind": "Service",
    [...]
    "status": {
        "loadBalancer": {
            "ingress": [
                {
                    "hostname": "internal-xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx-yyyyyyyyyy.us-east-1.elb.amazonaws.com"
                }
     [...]
}

根据kubectl help describe的输出，它似乎不支持结构化输出：

$ kubectl help describe
Show details of a specific resource or group of resources.

This command joins many API calls together to form a detailed description of a
given resource or group of resources.

$ kubectl describe TYPE NAME_PREFIX

will first check for an exact match on TYPE and NAME_PREFIX. If no such resource
exists, it will output details for every resource that has a name prefixed with NAME_PREFIX

Possible resource types include (case insensitive): pods (po), services (svc), deployments,
replicasets (rs), replicationcontrollers (rc), nodes (no), events (ev), limitranges (limits),
persistentvolumes (pv), persistentvolumeclaims (pvc), resourcequotas (quota), namespaces (ns),
serviceaccounts, ingresses (ing), horizontalpodautoscalers (hpa), daemonsets (ds), configmaps,
componentstatuses (cs), endpoints (ep), and secrets.

Usage:
  kubectl describe (-f FILENAME | TYPE [NAME_PREFIX | -l label] | TYPE/NAME) [flags]

Examples:
# Describe a node
kubectl describe nodes kubernetes-minion-emt8.c.myproject.internal

# Describe a pod
kubectl describe pods/nginx

# Describe a pod identified by type and name in "pod.json"
kubectl describe -f pod.json

# Describe all pods
kubectl describe pods

# Describe pods by label name=myLabel
kubectl describe po -l name=myLabel

# Describe all pods managed by the 'frontend' replication controller (rc-created pods
# get the name of the rc as a prefix in the pod the name).
kubectl describe pods frontend

Flags:
  -f, --filename=[]: Filename, directory, or URL to a file containing the resource to describe
  -l, --selector="": Selector (label query) to filter on

Global Flags:
      --alsologtostderr[=false]: log to standard error as well as files
      --certificate-authority="": Path to a cert. file for the certificate authority.
      --client-certificate="": Path to a client certificate file for TLS.
      --client-key="": Path to a client key file for TLS.
      --cluster="": The name of the kubeconfig cluster to use
      --context="": The name of the kubeconfig context to use
      --insecure-skip-tls-verify[=false]: If true, the server's certificate will not be checked for validity. This will make your HTTPS connections insecure.
      --kubeconfig="": Path to the kubeconfig file to use for CLI requests.
      --log-backtrace-at=:0: when logging hits line file:N, emit a stack trace
      --log-dir="": If non-empty, write log files in this directory
      --log-flush-frequency=5s: Maximum number of seconds between log flushes
      --logtostderr[=true]: log to standard error instead of files
      --match-server-version[=false]: Require server version to match client version
      --namespace="": If present, the namespace scope for this CLI request.
      --password="": Password for basic authentication to the API server.
  -s, --server="": The address and port of the Kubernetes API server
      --stderrthreshold=2: logs at or above this threshold go to stderr
      --token="": Bearer token for authentication to the API server.
      --user="": The name of the kubeconfig user to use
      --username="": Username for basic authentication to the API server.
      --v=0: log level for V logs
      --vmodule=: comma-separated list of pattern=N settings for file-filtered logging

有一个直截了当的方法，可能会有所帮助。
你可以运行下面的命令来获取服务的yaml文件，然后复制粘贴到一个新文件中。

kubectl edit svc {xx-servcice} -n {namespace} -o yaml

kubectl不支持-o yaml/json来描述，但是你仍然可以使用一些其他的命令来获取描述中的信息，比如：

kubectl get events

正如@janekuto建议的
describe不能用于显示json格式的数据
请看我在这里的回答，jq确实是一个强大的实用程序来玩弄kubectl的json显示器，你可以用jq做这么多，而不需要付出太多的努力。
kubectl -将资源配额值格式化为json格式