我的问题是数组include？方法是否基于==方法的定义来比较两个对象？
是的。如中所述：https://ruby-doc.org/3.2.0/Array.html#method-i-include-3F
包含？（obj）→点击切换源的真或假
返回真，如果对于self中的某个索引i，obj == self[i];否则为假：
似乎是工作，（虽然我不确定这是否是最佳的方式做的事情，因为我们不知道你的代码的上下文）：

class CustomObject
  attr_reader :x, :y, :z

  def initialize(x, y, z)
    @x = x
    @y = y
    @z = z
  end

  def ==(other)
    self.x == other.x && self.y != other.y
  end
end

custom_objects = []
new_custom_object_1 = CustomObject.new(1, 2, 3)
custom_objects << new_custom_object_1

new_custom_object_2 = CustomObject.new(2, 3, 4)
custom_objects << new_custom_object_2

search_object = CustomObject.new(2, 7, 4) # 2 == 2 && 3 != 7

puts custom_objects.include?(search_object)
# => true

search_object = CustomObject.new(2, 3, 4) # 2 == 2 && 3 != 3

puts custom_objects.include?(search_object)
# => false