我终于想通了。
对于遇到此问题的其他任何人，修复它的步骤是：

• 必须在证书管理器中删除所有localhost证书。可以在个人根目录和受信任根目录中找到这些证书
• 必须删除secrets.json文件。该文件位于\Users\[user]\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\UserSecrets\中
• 在powershell中，重新运行dotnet dev-certs https --trust以创建和安装一个新的，并提示信任

在这之后它会再次工作。

从Visual Studio 2022〉工具〉Nuget包管理器〉包管理器控制台
当软件包管理器控制台显示在底部时，键入以下命令

PM > dotnet dev-certs https --clean
        //Cleaning HTTPS development certificates from the machine. A prompt might get displayed to confirm the removal of some of the certificates.
        //HTTPS development certificates successfully removed from the machine.

        PM > dotnet dev-certs https -t
        //Trusting the HTTPS development certificate was requested.A confirmation prompt will be displayed if the certificate was not previously trusted.Click yes on the prompt to trust the certificate.
        //Successfully created and trusted a new HTTPS certificate.

        PM > dotnet dev-certs https --check
        //A valid certificate was found: C40087E6CA2F2A811F3BF78E3C5FE6BA8FA2XXXX - CN = localhost - Valid from 2023 - 01 - 27 23:21:10Z to 2024 - 01 - 27 23:21:10Z - IsHttpsDevelopmentCertificate: true - IsExportable: true
        //Run the command with both--check and --trust options to ensure that the certificate is not only valid but also trusted.