ruby-on-rails Rails 7.0.4- form_for - collection_select在编辑操作中具有多个选项

gstyhher  于 2023-02-06  发布在  Ruby
关注(0)|答案(2)|浏览(101)

我有三张table：

  • 工作人员
  • 工作人员_地点
  • 地点

商业案例：员工可以在多个地点工作。员工和地点之间的关联是通过staff_locations表完成的。在创建员工条目时，我选择了他/她所属的地点。这工作得很好。
但是我在编辑操作中collection_select的正确显示上遇到了问题，它的显示次数与staff_locations表中与staff_id匹配的条目的显示次数一样多。
我不知道如何解决这个问题，到目前为止我也没有找到任何好的提示。
模型

class Staff < ApplicationRecord
has_many :visits, dependent: :destroy
has_many :work_schedules
has_many :customers, through: :visits

    has_many :staff_locations, dependent: :destroy
    has_many :locations, through: :staff_locations
    
    accepts_nested_attributes_for :staff_locations, allow_destroy: true

def staff_locations_attributes=(staff_locations_attributes)

        staff_locations_attributes.values[0][:location_id].each do |loc_id| 
            if !loc_id.blank?
                staff_location_attribute_hash = {}; 
                staff_location_attribute_hash['location_id'] = loc_id;              
                            
                staff_location = StaffLocation.create(staff_location_attribute_hash)
                self.staff_locations << staff_location
            end
            
        end
    end

end

class StaffLocation < ApplicationRecord
belongs_to :staff
belongs_to :location

validates :staff_id, :location_id, uniqueness: true
end

class Location < ApplicationRecord
has_many :staff_locations
has_many :staffs, through: :staff_locations
end

人员_控制器

class StaffsController < ApplicationController
before_action :set_staff, only: %i [ show edit update destroy ]

def index
@staffs = Staff.all
end

def show
end

def new
@staff = Staff.new
@staff.staff_locations.build
end

def create
@staff = Staff.new(staff_params)

    if @staff.save
      redirect_to @staff
    else
      render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity
    end

end

def edit
end

def update
respond_to do |format|
if @staff.update(staff_params)
format.html { redirect_to @staff, notice: 'Staff was successfully updated.' }
format.json { render :show, status: :ok, staff: @staff }
else
format.html { render :edit }
format.json { render json: @staff.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end

def destroy
end

private
    def staff_params
      params.require(:staff).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :status, :staff_type, staff_locations_attributes: [:location_id => [] ])
      #due to multiple select in the new staff form, staff_locations_attributes needs to contain Array of location_ids.
      #Moreover check Staff model's method: staff_locations_attributes. It converts staff_locations_attributes into hashes.
    end

    def set_staff
      @staff = Staff.find(params[:id])
    end

end

形式部分

<%= form_for(@staff) do |form| %>

    <div>
        <% if params["action"] != "edit" %>
            
            <%= form.fields_for :staff_locations do |staff_location_form| %>
                <%= staff_location_form.label :location_id, 'Associated Locations' %><br>
                <%= staff_location_form.collection_select :location_id, Location.all, :id, :loc_name, {include_blank: false}, {:multiple => true } %>
            <% end %>
    
        <% else %>
    
            <%= form.fields_for :staff_locations do |staff_location_form| %>
                <%= staff_location_form.label :location_id, 'Associated Locations' %><br>
                <%= staff_location_form.collection_select :location_id, Location.all, :id, :loc_name, {selected: @staff.locations.map(&:id).compact, include_blank: false}, {:multiple => true} %>
                <% #debugger %>
            <% end %>
    
        <% end %>
    </div>
    
    <div>
        <%= form.submit %>
    </div>

<% end %>
    • 更新**

在@Beartech建议的更改之后，update方法工作正常。但是新的操作停止工作。下面我正在粘贴我在提交表单时捕获的内容，以在Staff表中创建一个条目，并在Staff_locations表中创建两个关联条目。
在将objetct保存到DB之前，我在控制台中进行了检查：

  • @工作人员
  • @工作人员.地点_id
  • 人员参数

在那之后我确实保存了。我不明白为什么它最终以FALSE状态结束。

14|     #@staff.staff_locations.build
    15|   end
    16| 
    17|   def create
    18|     @staff = Staff.new(staff_params)
=>  19|     debugger
    20| 
    21|     respond_to do |format|
    22|       if @staff.save
    23|         format.html { redirect_to @staff, notice: 'Staff was successfully created.' }
=>#0    StaffsController#create at ~/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:19
  #1    ActionController::BasicImplicitRender#send_action(method="create", args=[]) at ~/rails_projects/dentysta/vendor/bundle/ruby/3.0.0/gems/actionpack-7.0.4/lib/action_controller/metal/basic_implicit_render.rb:6
  # and 75 frames (use `bt' command for all frames)

(ruby) @staff
#<Staff:0x00007f2400acb2e8 id: nil, first_name: "s", last_name: "dd", status: "Active", staff_type: "Doctor", created_at: nil, updated_at: nil>

(ruby) @staff.location_ids
[4, 5]

(ruby) staff_params
#<ActionController::Parameters {"first_name"=>"s", "last_name"=>"dd", "status"=>"Active", "staff_type"=>"Doctor", "location_ids"=>["", "4", "5"]} permitted: true>

(ruby) @staff.save
  TRANSACTION (0.1ms)  begin transaction
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.1ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."staff_id" IS NULL LIMIT ?  [["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.1ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."location_id" = ? LIMIT ?  [["location_id", 4], ["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
  CACHE StaffLocation Exists? (0.0ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."staff_id" IS NULL LIMIT ?  [["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.3ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."location_id" = ? LIMIT ?  [["location_id", 5], ["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
  TRANSACTION (0.1ms)  rollback transaction
  ↳ (rdbg)//home/mw/rails_projects/dentysta/app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:1:in `create'
false

(rdbg) c    # continue command

  TRANSACTION (0.1ms)  begin transaction
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."staff_id" IS NULL LIMIT ?  [["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.1ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."location_id" = ? LIMIT ?  [["location_id", 4], ["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  CACHE StaffLocation Exists? (0.0ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."staff_id" IS NULL LIMIT ?  [["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  StaffLocation Exists? (0.2ms)  SELECT 1 AS one FROM "staff_locations" WHERE "staff_locations"."location_id" = ? LIMIT ?  [["location_id", 5], ["LIMIT", 1]]
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  TRANSACTION (0.1ms)  rollback transaction
  ↳ app/controllers/staffs_controller.rb:22:in `block in create'
  Rendering layout layouts/application.html.erb
  Rendering staffs/new.html.erb within layouts/application
  Location Count (0.1ms)  SELECT COUNT(*) FROM "locations"
  ↳ app/views/staffs/_form.html.erb:36
  Location Load (0.1ms)  SELECT "locations".* FROM "locations"
  ↳ app/views/staffs/_form.html.erb:36
  Rendered staffs/_form.html.erb (Duration: 18.5ms | Allocations: 2989)
  Rendered staffs/new.html.erb within layouts/application (Duration: 21.7ms | Allocations: 3059)
  Rendered layout layouts/application.html.erb (Duration: 24.6ms | Allocations: 4054)
Completed 422 Unprocessable Entity in 2302301ms (Views: 30.1ms | ActiveRecord: 1.8ms | Allocations: 174939)
ruby-on-rails

2条答案

按热度按时间
bq8i3lrv

bq8i3lrv1#

    • 编辑**重要提示：使用多选可能会产生意外的用户界面问题。当您使用下面的代码时，现有记录的多选将加载，同时现有关联位置突出显示为选项。如果您不点击该表单元素，然后保存表单，它们将保持关联。但整个多选列表可能不会同时显示。并且如果该人不能看到所有选择的元素，则他们可以点击一个，并且这将取消选择所有其他元素，因此在保存记录时会删除这些关联。我已经编辑了答案，将size:添加到HTML属性中。这将显示所有选项，以便用户可以查看选中的选项以及单击其中一个选项时发生的情况（取消选择所有其他需要shfit/option select才能重新选择它们）。我会考虑这是否是您正在做的正确的界面元素。您可能需要考虑将collection_check_boxes作为正确的UI元素，因为他们必须故意取消选择任何他们想要删除的元素，并且不必在每次添加或删除一个位置时重新选择它们。

我花了一段时间才记住如何做这件事。这是因为你把注意力集中在连接表上。通常当你想要多个表单字段时，你会这样做。但你实际上是在利用has_many关系。
记住，accepts_nested_attributes_for提供了location_ids=的一个方法，它允许你通过传递ID来设置这些位置，Rails将使用连接模型来处理这些关联。
在控制台中尝试：

@staff = Staff.first
# returns a staff object
@staff.locations
#returns an array of location objects due to the has_many
@staff.location_ids
# [12, 32]
@staff.location_ids = [12, 44, 35]
#this will update the joined locations to those locations by id. If any current locations are not in that array, they get deleted from the join table.

将您的强参数从：

params.require(:staff).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :status,
  :staff_type, staff_locations_attributes: [:location_id => [] ])

致：

params.require(:staff).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :status,
 :staff_type, :location_ids => [] )

在表单中，您只需要一个表单元素，使用@staff上的方法构建：

<%= f.label :locations %><br />
<%= f.collection_select :location_ids, Location.all, :id, :name,{selected: @staff.location_ids, 
include_blank: false}, {:multiple => true, size: Location.all.count } %>

由于.location_ids是@staff上的有效方法，Location.all返回所有location的集合，那么这两个符号（：id和：name）对于单个location对象都是有效方法，那么在selected...中，您只需使用相同的.location_ids来获取已经存在的方法，并将其标记为选中。
我已经忘了怎么做了，已经有一段时间了。一旦我想起来这是多么容易。

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flseospp

flseospp2#

对于那些将来会遇到类似情况的人，我现在就在粘贴适合我的东西。@Beartech再次感谢你的帮助。它为我节省了很多时间。
模型

class Staff < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :visits, dependent: :destroy
    has_many :work_schedules
    has_many :customers, through: :visits

    has_many :staff_locations, dependent: :destroy
    has_many :locations, through: :staff_locations

    accepts_nested_attributes_for :staff_locations, allow_destroy: true
end

class StaffLocation < ApplicationRecord
  belongs_to :staff
  belongs_to :location
end

class Location < ApplicationRecord
    has_many :staff_locations
    has_many :staffs, through: :staff_locations
end

人员_控制器

class StaffsController < ApplicationController
  before_action :set_staff, only: %i[ show edit update destroy ]

  def index
    @staffs = Staff.all
  end

  def show
    #debugger
  end

  def new
    @staff = Staff.new
  end

  def create
    @staff = Staff.new(staff_params)
    debugger

    respond_to do |format|
      if @staff.save!
        format.html { redirect_to @staff, notice: 'Staff was successfully created.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, staff: @staff }
        #redirect_to @staff
      else
        format.html { render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity, notice: 'Somthing went wrong' }
        format.json { render json: @staff.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
        #render :new, status: :unprocessable_entity
      end
    end
  end

  def edit
  end

  def update
    respond_to do |format|
      if @staff.update(staff_params)
        format.html { redirect_to @staff, notice: 'Staff was successfully updated.' }
        format.json { render :show, status: :ok, staff: @staff }
      else
        format.html { render :edit }
        format.json { render json: @staff.errors, status: :unprocessable_entity }
      end
    end
  end

  def destroy
  end

  private
    def staff_params
      params.require(:staff).permit(:first_name, :last_name, :status, :staff_type, :location_ids => [] )    
    end

    def set_staff
      @staff = Staff.find(params[:id])
    end

end

_形成部分

<%= form_for(@staff) do |form| %>
    <div>
        <%= form.label :first_name %><br>
        <%= form.text_field :first_name %>
        <% @staff.errors.full_messages_for(:first_name).each do |message| %>
            <div><%= message %></div>
        <% end %>
    </div>

    <div>
        <%= form.label :last_name %><br>
        <%= form.text_field :last_name %>
        <% @staff.errors.full_messages_for(:last_name).each do |message| %>
            <div><%= message %></div>
        <% end %>
    </div>

    <div>
        <%= form.label :staff_type %><br>
        <%= form.collection_select :staff_type, Staff.valid_types, :to_s, :to_s, {include_blank: false}, {:multiple => false} %>
        <% @staff.errors.full_messages_for(:staff_type).each do |message| %>
            <div><%= message %></div>
        <% end %>
    </div>

    <div>
        <%= form.label :status %><br>
        <%= form.collection_select :status, Staff.valid_statuses, :to_s, :to_s, {include_blank: false}, {:multiple => false} %>
        <% @staff.errors.full_messages_for(:status).each do |message| %>
            <div><%= message %></div>
        <% end %>
    </div>

    <div>
        <%= form.label :locations %><br />
        <%= form.collection_select :location_ids, Location.all, :id, :loc_name,{selected: @staff.location_ids, include_blank: false}, {:multiple => true, size: Location.all.count } %>
    </div>

    <div>
        <%= form.submit %>
    </div>

<% end %>
赞(0）分享  回复(0）举报  2023-02-06
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